Chapter 1 - Mader Biology
control - sample that goes through all the steps of an experiment but does not contain the
variable being tested; a standard against which the results of an experiment are checked
cell - the smallest unit of life that displays all the properties of life; composed of cytoplasm
surrounded by a plasma membrane
adaptation - Species's modification in structure, function, or behavior that makes a species more
suitable to its environment.
animal - Multicelluar, heterotrophic eukaryote that undergoes development to achieve its final
form. In general, mobile organisms, characterized by the presence of muscular and nervous tissue.
binomial - nomenclature scientific name of an organism, the first part of which designates the
genus and the second part of which designates the specific epithet
biodiversity - total number of species, the variability of their genes, and the communities in which
they live
biology - the branch of science that is concerned with the study of life and living organsms
biosphere - zone of air, land, and water at the surface of the Earth in which living organisms are
found
class - one of the categories, or taxa, used by taxonomists to group species; the taxon above the
order level
community - assemblage of species interacting with one another within the same environment
, conclusion - sample that goes through all the steps of an experiment but does not contain the
variable being tested; a standard against which the results of an experiment are checked
data - facts or information collected through observation and/or experimentation
deductive reasoning - the use of general principles to predict specific outcomes; often uses "if ...
then" statements
domain - largest of the categories, or taxa, used by taxonomists to group species; the three
domains are Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya
domain Archaea - one of the three domains of life; contains prokaryotic cells that often live in
extreme habitats and have unique genetic, biochemical, and physiological characteristics; its members
are sometimes referred to as archaea
domain Bacteria - one of the three domains of life; contains prokaryotic cells that differ from
archaea because they have their own unique genetic, biochemical, and physiological characteristics
domain Euakrya - one of the three domains of life, consisting of organisms with eukaryotic cells;
includes protists, fungi, plants, and animals
ecosystem - biological community together with the associated abiotic environment;
characterized by a flow of energy and a cycling of inorganic nutrients
emergent property - a function or trait that appears as biological complexity increases
energy - capacity to do work and bring about change; occurs in a variety of forms
eukaryote - type of cell that has a membrane-bounded nucleus and membranous organelles;
found in organisms within the domain Eukarya
control - sample that goes through all the steps of an experiment but does not contain the
variable being tested; a standard against which the results of an experiment are checked
cell - the smallest unit of life that displays all the properties of life; composed of cytoplasm
surrounded by a plasma membrane
adaptation - Species's modification in structure, function, or behavior that makes a species more
suitable to its environment.
animal - Multicelluar, heterotrophic eukaryote that undergoes development to achieve its final
form. In general, mobile organisms, characterized by the presence of muscular and nervous tissue.
binomial - nomenclature scientific name of an organism, the first part of which designates the
genus and the second part of which designates the specific epithet
biodiversity - total number of species, the variability of their genes, and the communities in which
they live
biology - the branch of science that is concerned with the study of life and living organsms
biosphere - zone of air, land, and water at the surface of the Earth in which living organisms are
found
class - one of the categories, or taxa, used by taxonomists to group species; the taxon above the
order level
community - assemblage of species interacting with one another within the same environment
, conclusion - sample that goes through all the steps of an experiment but does not contain the
variable being tested; a standard against which the results of an experiment are checked
data - facts or information collected through observation and/or experimentation
deductive reasoning - the use of general principles to predict specific outcomes; often uses "if ...
then" statements
domain - largest of the categories, or taxa, used by taxonomists to group species; the three
domains are Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya
domain Archaea - one of the three domains of life; contains prokaryotic cells that often live in
extreme habitats and have unique genetic, biochemical, and physiological characteristics; its members
are sometimes referred to as archaea
domain Bacteria - one of the three domains of life; contains prokaryotic cells that differ from
archaea because they have their own unique genetic, biochemical, and physiological characteristics
domain Euakrya - one of the three domains of life, consisting of organisms with eukaryotic cells;
includes protists, fungi, plants, and animals
ecosystem - biological community together with the associated abiotic environment;
characterized by a flow of energy and a cycling of inorganic nutrients
emergent property - a function or trait that appears as biological complexity increases
energy - capacity to do work and bring about change; occurs in a variety of forms
eukaryote - type of cell that has a membrane-bounded nucleus and membranous organelles;
found in organisms within the domain Eukarya
