Pharmacology for
Veterinary Technicians
Midterm Exam Questions
and Complete Solutions
Graded A+
Denning [Date] [Course title]
,- Answer:
Pharmacodynamics - Answer: The study of the mechanism by which drugs produce physiologic changes
in the body.
Pharmacokinetics - Answer: Complex sequence of events that occurs after a drug is administered to a
patient.
Withdrawal time - Answer: The length of time an antibiotic must not be administered or fed to an
animal before the animal can be legally slaughtered or used for diary products.
Which organs are involved with drug metabolism? - Answer: Liver- main organ
Stomach
Which organs are involved with drug excretion? - Answer: Kidney
Large intestines/Colon
Which organs are involved with drug absorption? - Answer: Lungs
Skin
Small intestines
Which organs are involved with drug distribution? - Answer: Heart
Agonist - Answer: cause the cell to react and triggers a response when a drug binds to a receptor side.
Antagonist - Answer: prevents a reaction from occurring by binding to the receptor and blocking it.
Drug compounding - Answer: combining of existing drugs
Advantages of drug compounding - Answer: - minimize the number of injections
,- obtain an appropriate concentration
- prepare an antidote (sodium sulfate)
Disadvantage of drug compounding - Answer: - needs to be approved by FDA
-drugs need to be compatible, otherwise should be avoided.
Describe the process of drug approval - Answer: Scientific discovery -> Preliminary trials (product is
tested on a bacteria) -> Preclinical Trials ( tests on animals) ->if satisfactory, company contact
appropriate government agency (Biologic) -> Contact Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service of the
USDA-> Clinical trials (test must prove that drug is effective and safe) -> Submission of a New Animal
Drug Application-> Field trials (safety) -> Apply to Animal and plant Health Inspection Service for licence
-> final data review -> License-> product monitoring.
Which agencies regulate veterinary drug? - Answer: FDA-Food and Drug Administration
USDA-United States Department of Agriculture
EPA- Environmental Protection Agencies.
Trade name - Answer: The commercial name given to a drug product by its manufacturer; also called
the proprietary name.
generic-name - Answer: A term referring to any drug marketed under its chemical name without
advertising.
chemical name - Answer: Describes the drug's chemical composition and molecular structure
Controlled drugs - Answer: having the potential for abuse or dependence
Controlled Substances - Answer: C-1 high potential for abuse: Heroin,LSD, PCP, crack, cocaine
C-2 high potential for abuses but medically use: morphine, codeine, cocaine, amphetamines.
C-3 less potential for abuse: steroids
C-4 lower abuse potential: diazepam, pentazocine
, C-5 lowest on the scale of abuse: cough syrup and antidiarrheal agent
Veterinary-client-patient relationship (VCPR) - Answer: relationship established between patient, client,
and veterinary staff based on trust, expertise, and duty to care for animal.
he client must present the patient to be examined by the veterinarian. A complete physical exam and
history will be done in order for a diagnosis to be made and the VCPR established.
Different routes of drug administration - Answer: Oral, Parenteral (injections),Inhalation, Topical
(cream, ointments and drops)
Controlled drug log - Answer: Each time a controlled drug is administered to a patient, it needs to be
reported in the controlled substance inventory log.
1. date, 2. owner's name, 3. patient's name, 4. drug name, 5. amount administered, 6. name of vet / vet
tech who dispensed the drug.
oral administration - Answer: Common route
Either directly or indirectly
Not absorbed quickly
NOT good for vomiting or animals with diarrhea
Routes of administration: Inhalation - Answer: - Liquid converted to a gas
- different forms: gas, nebulizer or inhaler
- administration may be more involved
Advantages of Parenteral Administration of drugs - Answer: • Rapid onset and direct delivery
disadvantages of parenteral administration of drugs - Answer: - complications may result after injection
(irritation, necrosis, infection)
-Requires trained personnel.
Veterinary Technicians
Midterm Exam Questions
and Complete Solutions
Graded A+
Denning [Date] [Course title]
,- Answer:
Pharmacodynamics - Answer: The study of the mechanism by which drugs produce physiologic changes
in the body.
Pharmacokinetics - Answer: Complex sequence of events that occurs after a drug is administered to a
patient.
Withdrawal time - Answer: The length of time an antibiotic must not be administered or fed to an
animal before the animal can be legally slaughtered or used for diary products.
Which organs are involved with drug metabolism? - Answer: Liver- main organ
Stomach
Which organs are involved with drug excretion? - Answer: Kidney
Large intestines/Colon
Which organs are involved with drug absorption? - Answer: Lungs
Skin
Small intestines
Which organs are involved with drug distribution? - Answer: Heart
Agonist - Answer: cause the cell to react and triggers a response when a drug binds to a receptor side.
Antagonist - Answer: prevents a reaction from occurring by binding to the receptor and blocking it.
Drug compounding - Answer: combining of existing drugs
Advantages of drug compounding - Answer: - minimize the number of injections
,- obtain an appropriate concentration
- prepare an antidote (sodium sulfate)
Disadvantage of drug compounding - Answer: - needs to be approved by FDA
-drugs need to be compatible, otherwise should be avoided.
Describe the process of drug approval - Answer: Scientific discovery -> Preliminary trials (product is
tested on a bacteria) -> Preclinical Trials ( tests on animals) ->if satisfactory, company contact
appropriate government agency (Biologic) -> Contact Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service of the
USDA-> Clinical trials (test must prove that drug is effective and safe) -> Submission of a New Animal
Drug Application-> Field trials (safety) -> Apply to Animal and plant Health Inspection Service for licence
-> final data review -> License-> product monitoring.
Which agencies regulate veterinary drug? - Answer: FDA-Food and Drug Administration
USDA-United States Department of Agriculture
EPA- Environmental Protection Agencies.
Trade name - Answer: The commercial name given to a drug product by its manufacturer; also called
the proprietary name.
generic-name - Answer: A term referring to any drug marketed under its chemical name without
advertising.
chemical name - Answer: Describes the drug's chemical composition and molecular structure
Controlled drugs - Answer: having the potential for abuse or dependence
Controlled Substances - Answer: C-1 high potential for abuse: Heroin,LSD, PCP, crack, cocaine
C-2 high potential for abuses but medically use: morphine, codeine, cocaine, amphetamines.
C-3 less potential for abuse: steroids
C-4 lower abuse potential: diazepam, pentazocine
, C-5 lowest on the scale of abuse: cough syrup and antidiarrheal agent
Veterinary-client-patient relationship (VCPR) - Answer: relationship established between patient, client,
and veterinary staff based on trust, expertise, and duty to care for animal.
he client must present the patient to be examined by the veterinarian. A complete physical exam and
history will be done in order for a diagnosis to be made and the VCPR established.
Different routes of drug administration - Answer: Oral, Parenteral (injections),Inhalation, Topical
(cream, ointments and drops)
Controlled drug log - Answer: Each time a controlled drug is administered to a patient, it needs to be
reported in the controlled substance inventory log.
1. date, 2. owner's name, 3. patient's name, 4. drug name, 5. amount administered, 6. name of vet / vet
tech who dispensed the drug.
oral administration - Answer: Common route
Either directly or indirectly
Not absorbed quickly
NOT good for vomiting or animals with diarrhea
Routes of administration: Inhalation - Answer: - Liquid converted to a gas
- different forms: gas, nebulizer or inhaler
- administration may be more involved
Advantages of Parenteral Administration of drugs - Answer: • Rapid onset and direct delivery
disadvantages of parenteral administration of drugs - Answer: - complications may result after injection
(irritation, necrosis, infection)
-Requires trained personnel.
