RADIOGRAPHIC POSITIONING
CHAPTER #5 QUIZ QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
What is proximal humerus rotation? - Answer-Rotational views of the proximal humerus
or shoulder girdle.
Why are rotational views of the proximal humerus taken? - Answer-To rule out gross
fractures or dislocations and reveal possible pathology.
What do AP rotational projections of the proximal humerus show? - Answer-The
scapulohumeral joint and possible calcium deposits or other pathology.
What do the greater and lesser tubercles indicate on a radiograph? - Answer-The
rotational position of the arm.
What is the external rotation position? - Answer-A true AP projection of the humerus
with supination of the hand and external rotation of the elbow.
How can you check the external rotation position on yourself? - Answer-By dropping
your arm at your side and externally rotating your hand and arm while palpating the
epicondyles of your distal humerus.
What is seen on the external rotation radiograph? - Answer-The greater tubercle located
laterally in profile and the lesser tubercle located anteriorly, just medial to the greater
tubercle.
What is the internal rotation position? - Answer-The hand and arm are rotated internally
until the epicondyles of the distal humerus are perpendicular to the IR.
How should the hand and elbow be positioned for internal rotation? - Answer-The hand
must be pronated and the elbow adjusted to place the epicondyles perpendicular to the
IR.
What is the purpose of internal rotation radiographs? - Answer-To obtain a true lateral
position of the humerus.
What is the scapulohumeral joint? - Answer-The shoulder joint.
What can be revealed on AP rotational projections of the proximal humerus? - Answer-
Possible calcium deposits or other pathology.
What is the role of the greater tubercle on a radiograph? - Answer-To indicate the
rotational position of the arm. External Rotation
, What is the role of the lesser tubercle on a radiograph? - Answer-To indicate the
rotational position of the arm. Internal Rotation
What is the purpose of the external rotation position? - Answer-To obtain a true AP
projection of the humerus.
What is the purpose of supination of the hand in the external rotation position? -
Answer-To align the interepicondylar line parallel to the image receptor.
What is the purpose of the internal rotation position? - Answer-To obtain a true lateral
position of the humerus.
What is the purpose of pronation of the hand in the internal rotation position? - Answer-
To place the epicondyles of the distal humerus perpendicular to the IR.
What is the role of the greater tubercle on the external rotation radiograph? - Answer-To
be seen laterally in profile.
What is the role of the lesser tubercle on the external rotation radiograph? - Answer-To
be located anteriorly, just medial to the greater tubercle.
AP projection of the shoulder - Answer-An x-ray projection of the shoulder taken from
the front.
Internal rotation position - Answer-A position where the shoulder is rotated inward.
Greater tubercle - Answer-A bony prominence on the proximal humerus.
Anterior and medial aspect - Answer-The front and inner side of the proximal humerus.
Lesser tubercle - Answer-A smaller bony prominence on the proximal humerus.
Neutral rotation - Answer-A position where the shoulder is not rotated.
Epicondyles - Answer-Bony prominences on the distal humerus.
45° oblique position - Answer-A position where the humerus is angled at 45 degrees.
Neutral position - Answer-A position between external and internal rotation.
Radiograph - Answer-An image produced by x-rays.
What are the general positioning considerations for the humerus and shoulder girdle? -
Answer-Similar to other upper and lower limb procedures.
CHAPTER #5 QUIZ QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
What is proximal humerus rotation? - Answer-Rotational views of the proximal humerus
or shoulder girdle.
Why are rotational views of the proximal humerus taken? - Answer-To rule out gross
fractures or dislocations and reveal possible pathology.
What do AP rotational projections of the proximal humerus show? - Answer-The
scapulohumeral joint and possible calcium deposits or other pathology.
What do the greater and lesser tubercles indicate on a radiograph? - Answer-The
rotational position of the arm.
What is the external rotation position? - Answer-A true AP projection of the humerus
with supination of the hand and external rotation of the elbow.
How can you check the external rotation position on yourself? - Answer-By dropping
your arm at your side and externally rotating your hand and arm while palpating the
epicondyles of your distal humerus.
What is seen on the external rotation radiograph? - Answer-The greater tubercle located
laterally in profile and the lesser tubercle located anteriorly, just medial to the greater
tubercle.
What is the internal rotation position? - Answer-The hand and arm are rotated internally
until the epicondyles of the distal humerus are perpendicular to the IR.
How should the hand and elbow be positioned for internal rotation? - Answer-The hand
must be pronated and the elbow adjusted to place the epicondyles perpendicular to the
IR.
What is the purpose of internal rotation radiographs? - Answer-To obtain a true lateral
position of the humerus.
What is the scapulohumeral joint? - Answer-The shoulder joint.
What can be revealed on AP rotational projections of the proximal humerus? - Answer-
Possible calcium deposits or other pathology.
What is the role of the greater tubercle on a radiograph? - Answer-To indicate the
rotational position of the arm. External Rotation
, What is the role of the lesser tubercle on a radiograph? - Answer-To indicate the
rotational position of the arm. Internal Rotation
What is the purpose of the external rotation position? - Answer-To obtain a true AP
projection of the humerus.
What is the purpose of supination of the hand in the external rotation position? -
Answer-To align the interepicondylar line parallel to the image receptor.
What is the purpose of the internal rotation position? - Answer-To obtain a true lateral
position of the humerus.
What is the purpose of pronation of the hand in the internal rotation position? - Answer-
To place the epicondyles of the distal humerus perpendicular to the IR.
What is the role of the greater tubercle on the external rotation radiograph? - Answer-To
be seen laterally in profile.
What is the role of the lesser tubercle on the external rotation radiograph? - Answer-To
be located anteriorly, just medial to the greater tubercle.
AP projection of the shoulder - Answer-An x-ray projection of the shoulder taken from
the front.
Internal rotation position - Answer-A position where the shoulder is rotated inward.
Greater tubercle - Answer-A bony prominence on the proximal humerus.
Anterior and medial aspect - Answer-The front and inner side of the proximal humerus.
Lesser tubercle - Answer-A smaller bony prominence on the proximal humerus.
Neutral rotation - Answer-A position where the shoulder is not rotated.
Epicondyles - Answer-Bony prominences on the distal humerus.
45° oblique position - Answer-A position where the humerus is angled at 45 degrees.
Neutral position - Answer-A position between external and internal rotation.
Radiograph - Answer-An image produced by x-rays.
What are the general positioning considerations for the humerus and shoulder girdle? -
Answer-Similar to other upper and lower limb procedures.
