GENERAL CHEMISTRY QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS | LATEST UPDATE |
2024/2025 | GRADED A+
What is the difference between an ionic bond and a covalent bond in terms of electron transfer
and sharing?
✔✔ An ionic bond involves the transfer of electrons from one atom to another, creating
positively and negatively charged ions, whereas a covalent bond involves the sharing of electron
pairs between atoms.
How does the concept of atomic orbitals explain the bonding in molecules?
✔✔ Atomic orbitals describe the regions in an atom where electrons are likely to be found. The
overlap of atomic orbitals from different atoms forms bonds in molecules, such as sigma and pi
bonds.
What is the role of a solvent in a chemical reaction or solution?
✔✔ The solvent is the substance that dissolves the solute to form a solution, providing a medium
for the reaction or interaction to occur.
1
, How does the concept of electronegativity help predict the type of bond formed between two
atoms?
✔✔ Electronegativity measures an atom’s ability to attract and hold onto electrons. A large
difference in electronegativity between two atoms usually indicates an ionic bond, while a small
difference suggests a covalent bond.
What is the significance of the octet rule in chemical bonding?
✔✔ The octet rule states that atoms tend to bond in such a way that they achieve a full outer
shell of eight electrons, similar to the electron configuration of noble gases, leading to stable
compounds.
How do you determine the oxidation state of an element in a compound?
✔✔ The oxidation state of an element in a compound can be determined by assigning oxidation
numbers based on a set of rules, including the assumption that the sum of oxidation states equals
the charge of the compound.
What is the concept of chemical equilibrium and how is it represented in a chemical reaction?
✔✔ Chemical equilibrium occurs when the rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal,
and the concentrations of reactants and products remain constant over time.
2
AND ANSWERS | LATEST UPDATE |
2024/2025 | GRADED A+
What is the difference between an ionic bond and a covalent bond in terms of electron transfer
and sharing?
✔✔ An ionic bond involves the transfer of electrons from one atom to another, creating
positively and negatively charged ions, whereas a covalent bond involves the sharing of electron
pairs between atoms.
How does the concept of atomic orbitals explain the bonding in molecules?
✔✔ Atomic orbitals describe the regions in an atom where electrons are likely to be found. The
overlap of atomic orbitals from different atoms forms bonds in molecules, such as sigma and pi
bonds.
What is the role of a solvent in a chemical reaction or solution?
✔✔ The solvent is the substance that dissolves the solute to form a solution, providing a medium
for the reaction or interaction to occur.
1
, How does the concept of electronegativity help predict the type of bond formed between two
atoms?
✔✔ Electronegativity measures an atom’s ability to attract and hold onto electrons. A large
difference in electronegativity between two atoms usually indicates an ionic bond, while a small
difference suggests a covalent bond.
What is the significance of the octet rule in chemical bonding?
✔✔ The octet rule states that atoms tend to bond in such a way that they achieve a full outer
shell of eight electrons, similar to the electron configuration of noble gases, leading to stable
compounds.
How do you determine the oxidation state of an element in a compound?
✔✔ The oxidation state of an element in a compound can be determined by assigning oxidation
numbers based on a set of rules, including the assumption that the sum of oxidation states equals
the charge of the compound.
What is the concept of chemical equilibrium and how is it represented in a chemical reaction?
✔✔ Chemical equilibrium occurs when the rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal,
and the concentrations of reactants and products remain constant over time.
2
