HMX Pony Club C1 HM rating
bowed tendon - tendon stretched too far. high bow or low bow, depending on if it is up close to
knee or down close to the fetlock joint
bench knees - cannon bones set slightly to outside of knees. extra weight and stress on inside of
lower leg and leads to splints on inside of cannon bone.
back at the knee - knees have slight backward bend. knee joint angled slightly backward and
cannon bone slanting forward. extra stress on tendons and fetlock joints and on knee bones. may lead to
bone chips/fractures of carpal bones.
acceptable TPR and importance - 98.5-101 degrees, average 101. above 101 is fever and should
call vet.
30 to 45 beats per minute. average 36. can double if distressed or in pain. horses exercised very hard can
have heart rate increase 4-5x normal.
8-16 breaths per minute. average 12 breaths per minute. respiration will increase 2-6x normal if horse
distressed or done physical activity.
bad shoeing - cuts away too much frog and/or sole.
shoes too small.
too much rasping outer surface of the hoof. removes periople. results in dry hooves that crack easily.
clinches sharp, uneven, or very low.
farrier in hurry, does not watch horse move. rasps foot down to fit shoe.
,base narrow - legs closer at feet than chest. more weight and concussion on one side of foot. may
walk like they are on tightrope, which is called plaiting.
base wide - legs wider apart at feet than at chest. goes with narrow chest often. more weight and
concussion on one side of foot and can lead to ringbone.
basic travel equipment for safety and comfort - shipping bandages. stable bandages with bell
boots. shipping boots.
tail protection, either tail bandage or tail guard.
head bumper. blanket or sheet. fly masks. breakaway halter made of leather.
bog spavin - large, soft, cool swelling on front and inside of the hock within the large top hock
joint. commonly seen in horses with OCD. can be considered an unsoundness or a blemish. vet
treatment in young or old horses influences this.
bone spavin - arthritis in lower hock joint. new bones produced on edges of small bones of the
joints. hard swelling low down on the inside of a hock joint.
bowed hocks - hocks pointing outwards. cannon bones slanting inward. putting extra stress on
hocks and outside of leg. may lead to bone spavins.
bowed knees - knees that bend outward. puts extra stress on knees and outside of legs..
camped out behind - hind legs set too far back. leg weaker. harder to engage hind legs.
camped out in front - legs set out in front. puts more strain on the legs.
camped under - entire hind leg angled forward, under horse. extra stress on hocks.
, CDC concussion definition - type of traumatic brain injury caused by a bump, blow, or jolt to the
head or by a hit to the body that causes the head and brain to move rapidly back and forth.
sudden movement can cause the brain to bounce around or twist in the skull, creating chemical changes
in the brain and sometimes stretching and damaging brain cells.
Characteristics of good and bad feed - Should look for hay that is green and leafy with fine stems
(early cut hay) for best nutrition. Smells sweet. Moldy or musty hay can cause colic. Dusty hay can cause
chronic cough and permanent lung damage. Gray and white patches in hay should never be fed.
Hay cubes need to be fed wet or soaked to prevent choke and to hydrate pony's digestive system. Follow
package directions.
Chaff is dried forage chopped into very small pieces, smaller than chopped hay.
Chopped hay/chop dried and chopped into smaller pieces, bagged into 40 pound bales. Molasses added
to keep small parts together and to keep dust down. Keep in cool, dry storage.
Haylage is processed and fermented roughage made from grass cut before going to seed. Cut, semi
wilted, and bagged in bales. Can be stored outside because in durable plastic. Must be properly made,
processed, bagged, and stored in plastic bags. If plastic bag punctured, there is a risk of botulism. Do not
store open bags.
Oats have more fiber and are less concentrated. Safest grain to feed. Plump, heavy kernels. 32 pounds
per bushel. Plenty of starch and not too much fiber.
Corn has most energy of all grains. More concentrated. Fed on cob, whole/shelled,
cracked/rolled/flaked. Moldy corn can cause brain damage and death.
Barley good middle ground between oats and corn. More fiber than corn but not as much as oats. Rolled
or flaked to get rid of outer husk so easy to digest.
bowed tendon - tendon stretched too far. high bow or low bow, depending on if it is up close to
knee or down close to the fetlock joint
bench knees - cannon bones set slightly to outside of knees. extra weight and stress on inside of
lower leg and leads to splints on inside of cannon bone.
back at the knee - knees have slight backward bend. knee joint angled slightly backward and
cannon bone slanting forward. extra stress on tendons and fetlock joints and on knee bones. may lead to
bone chips/fractures of carpal bones.
acceptable TPR and importance - 98.5-101 degrees, average 101. above 101 is fever and should
call vet.
30 to 45 beats per minute. average 36. can double if distressed or in pain. horses exercised very hard can
have heart rate increase 4-5x normal.
8-16 breaths per minute. average 12 breaths per minute. respiration will increase 2-6x normal if horse
distressed or done physical activity.
bad shoeing - cuts away too much frog and/or sole.
shoes too small.
too much rasping outer surface of the hoof. removes periople. results in dry hooves that crack easily.
clinches sharp, uneven, or very low.
farrier in hurry, does not watch horse move. rasps foot down to fit shoe.
,base narrow - legs closer at feet than chest. more weight and concussion on one side of foot. may
walk like they are on tightrope, which is called plaiting.
base wide - legs wider apart at feet than at chest. goes with narrow chest often. more weight and
concussion on one side of foot and can lead to ringbone.
basic travel equipment for safety and comfort - shipping bandages. stable bandages with bell
boots. shipping boots.
tail protection, either tail bandage or tail guard.
head bumper. blanket or sheet. fly masks. breakaway halter made of leather.
bog spavin - large, soft, cool swelling on front and inside of the hock within the large top hock
joint. commonly seen in horses with OCD. can be considered an unsoundness or a blemish. vet
treatment in young or old horses influences this.
bone spavin - arthritis in lower hock joint. new bones produced on edges of small bones of the
joints. hard swelling low down on the inside of a hock joint.
bowed hocks - hocks pointing outwards. cannon bones slanting inward. putting extra stress on
hocks and outside of leg. may lead to bone spavins.
bowed knees - knees that bend outward. puts extra stress on knees and outside of legs..
camped out behind - hind legs set too far back. leg weaker. harder to engage hind legs.
camped out in front - legs set out in front. puts more strain on the legs.
camped under - entire hind leg angled forward, under horse. extra stress on hocks.
, CDC concussion definition - type of traumatic brain injury caused by a bump, blow, or jolt to the
head or by a hit to the body that causes the head and brain to move rapidly back and forth.
sudden movement can cause the brain to bounce around or twist in the skull, creating chemical changes
in the brain and sometimes stretching and damaging brain cells.
Characteristics of good and bad feed - Should look for hay that is green and leafy with fine stems
(early cut hay) for best nutrition. Smells sweet. Moldy or musty hay can cause colic. Dusty hay can cause
chronic cough and permanent lung damage. Gray and white patches in hay should never be fed.
Hay cubes need to be fed wet or soaked to prevent choke and to hydrate pony's digestive system. Follow
package directions.
Chaff is dried forage chopped into very small pieces, smaller than chopped hay.
Chopped hay/chop dried and chopped into smaller pieces, bagged into 40 pound bales. Molasses added
to keep small parts together and to keep dust down. Keep in cool, dry storage.
Haylage is processed and fermented roughage made from grass cut before going to seed. Cut, semi
wilted, and bagged in bales. Can be stored outside because in durable plastic. Must be properly made,
processed, bagged, and stored in plastic bags. If plastic bag punctured, there is a risk of botulism. Do not
store open bags.
Oats have more fiber and are less concentrated. Safest grain to feed. Plump, heavy kernels. 32 pounds
per bushel. Plenty of starch and not too much fiber.
Corn has most energy of all grains. More concentrated. Fed on cob, whole/shelled,
cracked/rolled/flaked. Moldy corn can cause brain damage and death.
Barley good middle ground between oats and corn. More fiber than corn but not as much as oats. Rolled
or flaked to get rid of outer husk so easy to digest.
