DXI – midterm Questions with Correct Answers
Any lateral curvature greater than ____ degrees in the ____ plane is
considered scoliosis Correct Answer-10; coronal
the most common curve is to the ____ . Correct Answer-right
define structural scoliosis Correct Answer-lateral curvature of the spine
that fails to correct on lateral bending
what are the different types of structural scoliosis? Correct Answer-
idiopathic, congenital, neuromuscular, and neurofibromatosis
what is the most common type of structural scoliosis? what %? Correct
Answer-idiopathic (80%)
idiopathic:
a. etiology
b. curvature
c. types Correct Answer-a. unknown etiology
b. majority of thoracic curves are to the right, but if the curve is to the
left than there is a higher incidence of underlying pathology
c. infantile - (birth - 3 yrs)
juvenile (3-10 years of age), adolescent (10+)
,What is the most common type of idiopathic scoliosis? Correct Answer-
adolescent
which type of idiopathic scoliosis is more prevalent in females by a 4:1
ratio? 9:1? Correct Answer-4:1, juvenile
9:1, adolescent
when is idiopathic scoliosis usually a left thoracic curvature? Correct
Answer-when it is progressive in infantile scoliosis
which type of idiopathic scoliosis is most rare in the US? Correct
Answer-infantile
what is the most common curvature in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis?
what ages are the most critical time for most rapid progression? Correct
Answer-right thoracic curvature
12-16
what is the Hueter-volkmann principle? what type of scoliosis is this
most commonly associated with? Correct Answer-with greater
curvatures, wedge deformities of the vertebral bodies may occur within
the apex of the curve on the concave side which impairs growth
-the wedge deformities persist into adult life
what is congenital scoliosis? what are some examples? Correct Answer-
caused by anomalies of the vertebrae or ribs
, ex: hemivertebrae, congenital blocked segments, spina bifida, and rib
synostosis
what other disfunctions are very common to accompany congenital
scoliosis? Correct Answer-genitourinary abnormalities or anomalies
what is the most common neuropathy associated with neuromuscular
scoliosis? Correct Answer-poliomyelitis
what is the common appearance of neuromuscular scoliosis? Correct
Answer-a long C shaped curve extending from the sacrum to the upper
cervical region
when is scoliosis suspicious for an underlying intraspinal pathology?
Correct Answer-when the curvature is 15 degrees or higher before the
age of 11
or if it is a left sided thoracic curvature
what is the cause and shape of myopathic scoliosis? Correct Answer-
long C shaped curve
-most common cause is muscular distrophy
what is neurofibromatosis? Correct Answer-genetic disorder that causes
tumors to form on nerve endings
Any lateral curvature greater than ____ degrees in the ____ plane is
considered scoliosis Correct Answer-10; coronal
the most common curve is to the ____ . Correct Answer-right
define structural scoliosis Correct Answer-lateral curvature of the spine
that fails to correct on lateral bending
what are the different types of structural scoliosis? Correct Answer-
idiopathic, congenital, neuromuscular, and neurofibromatosis
what is the most common type of structural scoliosis? what %? Correct
Answer-idiopathic (80%)
idiopathic:
a. etiology
b. curvature
c. types Correct Answer-a. unknown etiology
b. majority of thoracic curves are to the right, but if the curve is to the
left than there is a higher incidence of underlying pathology
c. infantile - (birth - 3 yrs)
juvenile (3-10 years of age), adolescent (10+)
,What is the most common type of idiopathic scoliosis? Correct Answer-
adolescent
which type of idiopathic scoliosis is more prevalent in females by a 4:1
ratio? 9:1? Correct Answer-4:1, juvenile
9:1, adolescent
when is idiopathic scoliosis usually a left thoracic curvature? Correct
Answer-when it is progressive in infantile scoliosis
which type of idiopathic scoliosis is most rare in the US? Correct
Answer-infantile
what is the most common curvature in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis?
what ages are the most critical time for most rapid progression? Correct
Answer-right thoracic curvature
12-16
what is the Hueter-volkmann principle? what type of scoliosis is this
most commonly associated with? Correct Answer-with greater
curvatures, wedge deformities of the vertebral bodies may occur within
the apex of the curve on the concave side which impairs growth
-the wedge deformities persist into adult life
what is congenital scoliosis? what are some examples? Correct Answer-
caused by anomalies of the vertebrae or ribs
, ex: hemivertebrae, congenital blocked segments, spina bifida, and rib
synostosis
what other disfunctions are very common to accompany congenital
scoliosis? Correct Answer-genitourinary abnormalities or anomalies
what is the most common neuropathy associated with neuromuscular
scoliosis? Correct Answer-poliomyelitis
what is the common appearance of neuromuscular scoliosis? Correct
Answer-a long C shaped curve extending from the sacrum to the upper
cervical region
when is scoliosis suspicious for an underlying intraspinal pathology?
Correct Answer-when the curvature is 15 degrees or higher before the
age of 11
or if it is a left sided thoracic curvature
what is the cause and shape of myopathic scoliosis? Correct Answer-
long C shaped curve
-most common cause is muscular distrophy
what is neurofibromatosis? Correct Answer-genetic disorder that causes
tumors to form on nerve endings
