PATHOPHYSIOLOGY TBQ QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS WITH SOLUTIONS 2024
1. The nurse is providing care for a client who is experiencing chronic stress. Using Selye's stress
response theory, which behavioral expectation does the nurse associate with this client?
1. A lack of negative manifestations indicates eustress
2. Physical health and mental well-being are negatively affected
3. Cortisol causes an increase in white blood cells (WBCs) and counteracts
inflammation
4. Parasympathetic nervous system responses resume a state of relaxation - ANSWER 2. Physical health
and mental well-being are negatively affected
This is correct. Chronic stress can have a cumulative, negative impact on physical health and mental well-
being. Long-term secretion of cortisol suppresses immunity, and WBC responses become sluggish and
less efficient. The nurse will monitor for these changes.
2. A client is scheduled for a heart valve replacement. Which strategic action of the primary health-care
provider enhances the client's adaptive ability and coping mechanism to reduce stress?
1. Encouraging a family member to stay with the client in the preoperative setting
2. Permitting a family member to stay in the operating theater
3. Administering epinephrine to the client to reduce stress
4. Restricting the family members from talking to the client in the preoperative
setting - ANSWER 1. Encouraging a family member to stay with the client in the preoperative setting
This is correct. The primary health-care provider can improve the client's adaptive ability and coping
mechanism by encouraging the client's family members to stay with the client in the preoperative setting
and also during the recovery phase.
3. In which stage of Hans Selye's general adaptation syndrome is the sympathetic nervous system
, (SNS) activated?
1. Alarm stage
2. Resistance stage
3. Exhaustion stage
4. Homeostasis - ANSWER 1. Alarm stage
4. A client is scheduled for a sleep study and asks about the reason for a polysomnography. Which is
the best explanation for the nurse to provide?
1. It is a diagnostic test to examine sleep patterns
2. It is a diagnostic test to examine eye movement
3. It is a diagnostic test to examine respiratory functions
4. It is a diagnostic test to examine electrical activity of the brain - ANSWER 1. It is a diagnostic test to
examine sleep patterns
5. The nurse works in a community clinic and assists a variety of clients. According to McEwen's
stress response theory, which client does the nurse identify as being at greatest risk for allostatic
load?
1. An older adult client whose spouse has severe dementia and has been cared for in
the home for several years. Recently the client has been diagnosed and treated for
hypertension and cardiac rhythm disturbances.
2. A client who is a college student taking a full-time load of engineering classes. The
client reports bouts of gastrointestinal (GI) upset prior to scheduled course
examinations. The client also shares recently moving into a quieter dorm setting.
3. A young adult client who recently accepted a position with a new company. The
client expresses concern about sleep disturbances. A new exercise regimen was
started 2 weeks ago, but the client is seeking a short-term sleep aid.
DAVIS ADVANTAGE FOR PATHOPHYSIOLO - ANSWER 1. An older adult client whose spouse has severe
dementia and has been cared for in
the home for several years. Recently the client has been diagnosed and treated for
AND ANSWERS WITH SOLUTIONS 2024
1. The nurse is providing care for a client who is experiencing chronic stress. Using Selye's stress
response theory, which behavioral expectation does the nurse associate with this client?
1. A lack of negative manifestations indicates eustress
2. Physical health and mental well-being are negatively affected
3. Cortisol causes an increase in white blood cells (WBCs) and counteracts
inflammation
4. Parasympathetic nervous system responses resume a state of relaxation - ANSWER 2. Physical health
and mental well-being are negatively affected
This is correct. Chronic stress can have a cumulative, negative impact on physical health and mental well-
being. Long-term secretion of cortisol suppresses immunity, and WBC responses become sluggish and
less efficient. The nurse will monitor for these changes.
2. A client is scheduled for a heart valve replacement. Which strategic action of the primary health-care
provider enhances the client's adaptive ability and coping mechanism to reduce stress?
1. Encouraging a family member to stay with the client in the preoperative setting
2. Permitting a family member to stay in the operating theater
3. Administering epinephrine to the client to reduce stress
4. Restricting the family members from talking to the client in the preoperative
setting - ANSWER 1. Encouraging a family member to stay with the client in the preoperative setting
This is correct. The primary health-care provider can improve the client's adaptive ability and coping
mechanism by encouraging the client's family members to stay with the client in the preoperative setting
and also during the recovery phase.
3. In which stage of Hans Selye's general adaptation syndrome is the sympathetic nervous system
, (SNS) activated?
1. Alarm stage
2. Resistance stage
3. Exhaustion stage
4. Homeostasis - ANSWER 1. Alarm stage
4. A client is scheduled for a sleep study and asks about the reason for a polysomnography. Which is
the best explanation for the nurse to provide?
1. It is a diagnostic test to examine sleep patterns
2. It is a diagnostic test to examine eye movement
3. It is a diagnostic test to examine respiratory functions
4. It is a diagnostic test to examine electrical activity of the brain - ANSWER 1. It is a diagnostic test to
examine sleep patterns
5. The nurse works in a community clinic and assists a variety of clients. According to McEwen's
stress response theory, which client does the nurse identify as being at greatest risk for allostatic
load?
1. An older adult client whose spouse has severe dementia and has been cared for in
the home for several years. Recently the client has been diagnosed and treated for
hypertension and cardiac rhythm disturbances.
2. A client who is a college student taking a full-time load of engineering classes. The
client reports bouts of gastrointestinal (GI) upset prior to scheduled course
examinations. The client also shares recently moving into a quieter dorm setting.
3. A young adult client who recently accepted a position with a new company. The
client expresses concern about sleep disturbances. A new exercise regimen was
started 2 weeks ago, but the client is seeking a short-term sleep aid.
DAVIS ADVANTAGE FOR PATHOPHYSIOLO - ANSWER 1. An older adult client whose spouse has severe
dementia and has been cared for in
the home for several years. Recently the client has been diagnosed and treated for
