©BRIGHTSTARS EXAM STUDY SOLUTIONS 8/13/2024 12:27 PM
ONE MASSIVE STUDY GUIDE 40 HOUR
RBT EXAM
Behavior - answer✔✔Any human action that can be observed and measured.
Subjective vs Objective? - answer✔✔Be descriptive; avoid being derisive!
Subjective = Emotional + Judgmental
Objective = Observable + Measurable
Two elements of observability: - answer✔✔1. can be heard seen touched smelled tasted
2. can be heard seen touched smelled tasted by bystanders as well
Measurable - answer✔✔count it time it measure it weight it score it. You rarely measure to
determine an outcome but a precedent. Not needed for taking baseline or measuring outcomes.
to change a complaint into an observable behavior to target for reduction - answer✔✔use active
words, remove labels, remove the words of doom (never cant etc), focus on the component that
makes the behavior unsatisfactory
Instead of: Milton needs to learn to obey adults. - answer✔✔Better: Milton typically waits for
the third instruction to comply with directives or requests.
Jamil is always running around. - answer✔✔Better: Jamil gets out of his seat an average of 17
times per hour.
Miles is obnoxious. - answer✔✔Better: When speaking with peers and authority figures, Miles
curses.
Speak behaviorally? - answer✔✔Yes. Catch your own slips. Re-phrase non behavioral language
in a friendly way
David flew off the handle. - answer✔✔Subjective
Elements of Observable Statements - answer✔✔1. WHEN under what conditions
Location
,©BRIGHTSTARS EXAM STUDY SOLUTIONS 8/13/2024 12:27 PM
Time
When ________________ occurs
In the presence of ________________________
When experiencing ______________________
2. WHAT the action will be (verb)
3. HOW in what way - Descriptive qualifiers (magnitude, duration, force, speed, etc.)Must be
descriptive enough for a stranger to know it is happening. May need to include non-examples.
Ben thinks he is the boss. - answer✔✔When: During transition times
What: Ben verbally instructs peers where to go next
How: Without being asked to help. Exception: when a peer is new to the routine.
Statement: During transition times, Ben verbally instructs peers where to go next, although he
has not been asked to help. This does not include giving instructions to peers who are new to the
classroom.
Daniel gets upset. - answer✔✔When: When he makes errors on classwork or homework
What: Daniel cries and/or yells out
How: loud enough to distract others from their work.
Statement: When he makes errors on classwork or homework, Daniel cries and/or yells out
loudly enough to distract others from their work.
Amy drives too fast. - answer✔✔When: When driving peers without an adult in the car
What: Amy drives in excess of the speed limit
How: no qualifiers needed.
Statement: When driving peers without an adult in the car, Amy drives in excess of the speed
limit.
,©BRIGHTSTARS EXAM STUDY SOLUTIONS 8/13/2024 12:27 PM
Continuous Data Collection - answer✔✔Captures every possible behavioral occurrence by
recording either every instance of behavior or the actual duration of each instance of behavior.
Discontinuous Data Collection - answer✔✔Captures a sample of behavior during an observation
by recording whether the behavior is occurring at designated points in time.
Continuous Numbers - answer✔✔Numbers that occur in a range; used for collecting data on
behaviors with unclear stop and start points.
Discrete Numbers - answer✔✔Whole numbers used for measuring behaviors that have an easily
discernible stop and start.
Latency of time - answer✔✔Latency measures the amount of time that elapses before action is
initiated. Ex: she takes too long to start her homework
Behavior definitions should be: - answer✔✔Observable
Measurable
Complete
Clear
During reading assignments, Jamie looks away from his paper. - answer✔✔Better: Jamie spends
more than 30 seconds of a five minute interval looking away from his paper during reading
assignments, not including times when distracting variables occur that result in multiple students
looking up from their reading assignments.
When given a directive to begin a task, Milton typically waits for the third instruction to comply.
- answer✔✔Better: When given a directive to begin a task, Milton typically waits for the third
instruction to comply. Waiting to comply does not include asking clarifying questions, but does
include making protest statements such as "why do I always have to do this?"
When cued to sit for tasks or leisure activities, Jamil gets out of his seat an average of 17 times
per hour. - answer✔✔Better: When cued to sit for tasks or leisure activities, Jamil gets out of his
seat an average of 17 times per hour for tasks or activities that typically require a person to
remain seated for the duration of the activity.
When speaking with peers and authority figures, Miles curses. - answer✔✔Better: When
speaking with peers and authority figures, Miles curses in 3 out of 4 interactions lasting a
minimum of 2 minutes.
Observable, Measurable Components of Goal Behaviors - answer✔✔SMART
specific measurable attainable relevant time-based
, ©BRIGHTSTARS EXAM STUDY SOLUTIONS 8/13/2024 12:27 PM
S - smart - answer✔✔Instead of categorial "catch-all" labels, state the exact behavior.
Specify under what conditions the behavior should occur.
Specify prompts
M- smart - answer✔✔Measurable
How will you count it, time it, weigh it, calculate it, measure it?
a - smart - answer✔✔Attainable
Achievable, given baseline and learning time required
Passes the Dead Man's Test
r - smart - answer✔✔Relevant
Socially valid
Behavioral cusps preferred
t - smart - answer✔✔Time-Based
Identify a time frame for achieving the overall goal and the benchmark objectives.
Social Validity - answer✔✔The degree to which treatment goals and procedures are acceptable
and meaningful to recipients and their communities of support.
Dead man's test - answer✔✔If a dead man can do it, it is not behavior.
Dead Men Can...
Be silent
Be still
Stay where they are put
Refrain from....everything
SMART goal for: Millie will learn to write her name. - answer✔✔Upon request, Millie will
independently type her first and last name on a keyboard with no errors by Session 8 of
treatment.
SMART goal for: When given a directive to begin a task, Milton typically waits for the third
instruction to comply. Waiting to comply does not include asking clarifying questions, but does
include making protest statements such as "why do I always have to do this?" - answer✔✔When
given a directive to begin a task, Milton will comply or ask a clarifying question within 30
seconds, with no additional prompts, on 10 consecutive trials by Session 10.
ONE MASSIVE STUDY GUIDE 40 HOUR
RBT EXAM
Behavior - answer✔✔Any human action that can be observed and measured.
Subjective vs Objective? - answer✔✔Be descriptive; avoid being derisive!
Subjective = Emotional + Judgmental
Objective = Observable + Measurable
Two elements of observability: - answer✔✔1. can be heard seen touched smelled tasted
2. can be heard seen touched smelled tasted by bystanders as well
Measurable - answer✔✔count it time it measure it weight it score it. You rarely measure to
determine an outcome but a precedent. Not needed for taking baseline or measuring outcomes.
to change a complaint into an observable behavior to target for reduction - answer✔✔use active
words, remove labels, remove the words of doom (never cant etc), focus on the component that
makes the behavior unsatisfactory
Instead of: Milton needs to learn to obey adults. - answer✔✔Better: Milton typically waits for
the third instruction to comply with directives or requests.
Jamil is always running around. - answer✔✔Better: Jamil gets out of his seat an average of 17
times per hour.
Miles is obnoxious. - answer✔✔Better: When speaking with peers and authority figures, Miles
curses.
Speak behaviorally? - answer✔✔Yes. Catch your own slips. Re-phrase non behavioral language
in a friendly way
David flew off the handle. - answer✔✔Subjective
Elements of Observable Statements - answer✔✔1. WHEN under what conditions
Location
,©BRIGHTSTARS EXAM STUDY SOLUTIONS 8/13/2024 12:27 PM
Time
When ________________ occurs
In the presence of ________________________
When experiencing ______________________
2. WHAT the action will be (verb)
3. HOW in what way - Descriptive qualifiers (magnitude, duration, force, speed, etc.)Must be
descriptive enough for a stranger to know it is happening. May need to include non-examples.
Ben thinks he is the boss. - answer✔✔When: During transition times
What: Ben verbally instructs peers where to go next
How: Without being asked to help. Exception: when a peer is new to the routine.
Statement: During transition times, Ben verbally instructs peers where to go next, although he
has not been asked to help. This does not include giving instructions to peers who are new to the
classroom.
Daniel gets upset. - answer✔✔When: When he makes errors on classwork or homework
What: Daniel cries and/or yells out
How: loud enough to distract others from their work.
Statement: When he makes errors on classwork or homework, Daniel cries and/or yells out
loudly enough to distract others from their work.
Amy drives too fast. - answer✔✔When: When driving peers without an adult in the car
What: Amy drives in excess of the speed limit
How: no qualifiers needed.
Statement: When driving peers without an adult in the car, Amy drives in excess of the speed
limit.
,©BRIGHTSTARS EXAM STUDY SOLUTIONS 8/13/2024 12:27 PM
Continuous Data Collection - answer✔✔Captures every possible behavioral occurrence by
recording either every instance of behavior or the actual duration of each instance of behavior.
Discontinuous Data Collection - answer✔✔Captures a sample of behavior during an observation
by recording whether the behavior is occurring at designated points in time.
Continuous Numbers - answer✔✔Numbers that occur in a range; used for collecting data on
behaviors with unclear stop and start points.
Discrete Numbers - answer✔✔Whole numbers used for measuring behaviors that have an easily
discernible stop and start.
Latency of time - answer✔✔Latency measures the amount of time that elapses before action is
initiated. Ex: she takes too long to start her homework
Behavior definitions should be: - answer✔✔Observable
Measurable
Complete
Clear
During reading assignments, Jamie looks away from his paper. - answer✔✔Better: Jamie spends
more than 30 seconds of a five minute interval looking away from his paper during reading
assignments, not including times when distracting variables occur that result in multiple students
looking up from their reading assignments.
When given a directive to begin a task, Milton typically waits for the third instruction to comply.
- answer✔✔Better: When given a directive to begin a task, Milton typically waits for the third
instruction to comply. Waiting to comply does not include asking clarifying questions, but does
include making protest statements such as "why do I always have to do this?"
When cued to sit for tasks or leisure activities, Jamil gets out of his seat an average of 17 times
per hour. - answer✔✔Better: When cued to sit for tasks or leisure activities, Jamil gets out of his
seat an average of 17 times per hour for tasks or activities that typically require a person to
remain seated for the duration of the activity.
When speaking with peers and authority figures, Miles curses. - answer✔✔Better: When
speaking with peers and authority figures, Miles curses in 3 out of 4 interactions lasting a
minimum of 2 minutes.
Observable, Measurable Components of Goal Behaviors - answer✔✔SMART
specific measurable attainable relevant time-based
, ©BRIGHTSTARS EXAM STUDY SOLUTIONS 8/13/2024 12:27 PM
S - smart - answer✔✔Instead of categorial "catch-all" labels, state the exact behavior.
Specify under what conditions the behavior should occur.
Specify prompts
M- smart - answer✔✔Measurable
How will you count it, time it, weigh it, calculate it, measure it?
a - smart - answer✔✔Attainable
Achievable, given baseline and learning time required
Passes the Dead Man's Test
r - smart - answer✔✔Relevant
Socially valid
Behavioral cusps preferred
t - smart - answer✔✔Time-Based
Identify a time frame for achieving the overall goal and the benchmark objectives.
Social Validity - answer✔✔The degree to which treatment goals and procedures are acceptable
and meaningful to recipients and their communities of support.
Dead man's test - answer✔✔If a dead man can do it, it is not behavior.
Dead Men Can...
Be silent
Be still
Stay where they are put
Refrain from....everything
SMART goal for: Millie will learn to write her name. - answer✔✔Upon request, Millie will
independently type her first and last name on a keyboard with no errors by Session 8 of
treatment.
SMART goal for: When given a directive to begin a task, Milton typically waits for the third
instruction to comply. Waiting to comply does not include asking clarifying questions, but does
include making protest statements such as "why do I always have to do this?" - answer✔✔When
given a directive to begin a task, Milton will comply or ask a clarifying question within 30
seconds, with no additional prompts, on 10 consecutive trials by Session 10.
