PSYC 230 UIUC EXAM 1
Perception - ANSWERS-the process of organizing and interpreting sensory
information, enabling us to recognize meaningful objects and events
Are there really 5 senses? - ANSWERS-No, there are from 7-12 different senses
neural transduction - ANSWERS-receptors, transduction and neural response
Sensation - ANSWERS-activation of sensory receptors due to a stimulus in the
environment (physical stimulus---->neural signal)
Phenomenology - ANSWERS-internal experience that everyone has of the external
world around them
Aristotle and the Five senses - ANSWERS-Aristotle said there were five senses -
smell, sight, touch, taste, and hearing - but science suggests there are many more
than that
Thomas Young - ANSWERS-showed that light, like waves, could be diffracted,
color recptors
Johannes Mueller - ANSWERS-doctrine of specific nerve energies (distinct senses)
,Von Helmholtz - ANSWERS-perception is constructed from both senses and
cognitive processes, unconscious inference, three basic color receptors
Hering - ANSWERS-colors are perceived through 2 pairs of opposing colors (four
primary colors, not three)
Weber's Law - ANSWERS-the just noticeable difference between two stimuli is
based on a proportion of the original stimulus rather than on a fixed amount of
difference
Fechner - ANSWERS-father of psychophysics, the study of the relation between
physical stimuli and the perception they elicit
Fechner's Law - ANSWERS-sensation is a logarithmic function of physical intensity
Gestalt Psychology - ANSWERS-the whole is greater than the sum of its parts
Law of Proximity (Gestalt) - ANSWERS-elements close to one another tend to be
perceived as a unit
Law of Common Fate (Gestalt) - ANSWERS-visual elements that move in the same
speed and/or direction are parts of a single stimulus
, law of closure (gestalt) - ANSWERS-we tend to see complete figures even when
part of the information is missing
Law of Similarity (Gestalt) - ANSWERS-objects that are similar tend to be grouped
together
Law of Good Continuation (Gestalt) - ANSWERS-elements that appear to follow
the same pathway tend to be grouped together
Gibson and Direct Perception - ANSWERS-sensation is perception, what you see is
what you get
Information Processing Approach - ANSWERS-a perspective on understanding
cognition that divides thinking into specific steps and component processes (LIKE
A COMPUTER)
computational approach - ANSWERS-Describes the problem the system is trying
to solve and the constraints it uses in order to solve it, most abstract
microelectrode - ANSWERS-a very fine electrode, generally used to record activity
of individual neurons
Neurophysiology - ANSWERS-explains the workings of the nervous system
Perception - ANSWERS-the process of organizing and interpreting sensory
information, enabling us to recognize meaningful objects and events
Are there really 5 senses? - ANSWERS-No, there are from 7-12 different senses
neural transduction - ANSWERS-receptors, transduction and neural response
Sensation - ANSWERS-activation of sensory receptors due to a stimulus in the
environment (physical stimulus---->neural signal)
Phenomenology - ANSWERS-internal experience that everyone has of the external
world around them
Aristotle and the Five senses - ANSWERS-Aristotle said there were five senses -
smell, sight, touch, taste, and hearing - but science suggests there are many more
than that
Thomas Young - ANSWERS-showed that light, like waves, could be diffracted,
color recptors
Johannes Mueller - ANSWERS-doctrine of specific nerve energies (distinct senses)
,Von Helmholtz - ANSWERS-perception is constructed from both senses and
cognitive processes, unconscious inference, three basic color receptors
Hering - ANSWERS-colors are perceived through 2 pairs of opposing colors (four
primary colors, not three)
Weber's Law - ANSWERS-the just noticeable difference between two stimuli is
based on a proportion of the original stimulus rather than on a fixed amount of
difference
Fechner - ANSWERS-father of psychophysics, the study of the relation between
physical stimuli and the perception they elicit
Fechner's Law - ANSWERS-sensation is a logarithmic function of physical intensity
Gestalt Psychology - ANSWERS-the whole is greater than the sum of its parts
Law of Proximity (Gestalt) - ANSWERS-elements close to one another tend to be
perceived as a unit
Law of Common Fate (Gestalt) - ANSWERS-visual elements that move in the same
speed and/or direction are parts of a single stimulus
, law of closure (gestalt) - ANSWERS-we tend to see complete figures even when
part of the information is missing
Law of Similarity (Gestalt) - ANSWERS-objects that are similar tend to be grouped
together
Law of Good Continuation (Gestalt) - ANSWERS-elements that appear to follow
the same pathway tend to be grouped together
Gibson and Direct Perception - ANSWERS-sensation is perception, what you see is
what you get
Information Processing Approach - ANSWERS-a perspective on understanding
cognition that divides thinking into specific steps and component processes (LIKE
A COMPUTER)
computational approach - ANSWERS-Describes the problem the system is trying
to solve and the constraints it uses in order to solve it, most abstract
microelectrode - ANSWERS-a very fine electrode, generally used to record activity
of individual neurons
Neurophysiology - ANSWERS-explains the workings of the nervous system
