Davis Advantage for Understanding Medical-Surgical
Nursing, 7th Edition STUDY GUIDE By Linda S.
Hopper, Paula D.; Williams, Verified Chapters 1 - 57,
Complete Newest Version
What are the 6 links in the change of infection? - ANSWER Link 1 Reservoir
Link 2 Causative Agent
Link 3 Mode of Transmission
Link 4 Portal of Entry
Link 5 Susceptible Host
Link 6 Portal of Exit
What breaks the chain of infection? - ANSWER treatment
What are the two types of reservoirs? - ANSWER Animate: people, insects, animals,
plants
Inanimate: water, soil, medical devices
Bacteria - ANSWER single celled organisms, has cell walls, susceptible to
antibiotics
What are the two types of bacteria? - ANSWER Anaerobic: without oxygen
Aerobic: with oxygen
What is used in patients rooms to kill spores from C. difficile? - ANSWER bleach
What are rickettsiae? - ANSWER type of bacteria that must be inside living cells to
reproduce
What are examples of rickettsiae vectors (living organisms that transmit disease)? -
ANSWER fleas, ticks, mites, lice that bite humans
What disease is caused by Rickettsia rickettsii? - ANSWER Rocky Mountain spotted
fever (lives in rodents and dogs) transmitted by tick bite
What agent is antibiotics not effective against? - ANSWER viruses
What is used to decrease the symptoms caused by viruses and to decrease the viral
load? - ANSWER antiviral drugs
What source does fungi obtain food from? - ANSWER living organisms or dead
material; they are highly resistant spores
What is used to treat fungal infections? - ANSWER antifungal medication
, How does protozoa infect humans? - ANSWER through fecal-oral contamination or
through ingestion of food or water contaminated with cysts or spores, through host to
host contact or by the bite of a mosquito or other insect that has previously bitten an
infected person
What is a helminths? - ANSWER wormlike parasitic animal; roundworms, flatworms,
tapeworms, pinworms, hookworms, flukes
What disease does prions thought to cause? - ANSWER mad cow disease
What is normal flora? - ANSWER organisms or microbe that occur naturally in or on
a particular body part
What is a pathogen? - ANSWER disease causing microbe or organisms
What are the three modes of transmission? - ANSWER direct contact
indirect contact
airborne
What illnesses are spread by direct transmission? - ANSWER influenza, impetigo,
scabies, conjunctivitis (pinkeye), pediculosis (lice), herpes, C. difficile (infection in the
colon), and STDs including HIV
How can you protect yourself and patients from direct transmission? - ANSWER
hand washing, aseptic technique, and use of PPE
What are examples of PPE? - ANSWER gloves, surgical masks, goggles, gowns,
and booties
What are the two types of indirect transmission? - ANSWER Vehicleborne
Vectorborne
What is vehicleborne transmission? - ANSWER spread of infectious organisms by
contact with a contaminated object, such as toy, soiled bedding, dressing from
wound, surgical instruments, water, food, and biological products such as blood,
serum, plasma, tissues, and organs
What is vectorborne transmission? - ANSWER spread of infectious organisms
through a living source other than humans such as an insect, flea, mouse, or rat.
What are some examples of vehicleborne illnesses? - ANSWER conjunctivitis
(pinkeye), trichinosis (undercook meat), HIV, and hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E
How can vehicle transmission be avoided? - ANSWER through proper hand
washing, thorough cleaning of the patient environment, and provision of clean water
and food supplies
Nursing, 7th Edition STUDY GUIDE By Linda S.
Hopper, Paula D.; Williams, Verified Chapters 1 - 57,
Complete Newest Version
What are the 6 links in the change of infection? - ANSWER Link 1 Reservoir
Link 2 Causative Agent
Link 3 Mode of Transmission
Link 4 Portal of Entry
Link 5 Susceptible Host
Link 6 Portal of Exit
What breaks the chain of infection? - ANSWER treatment
What are the two types of reservoirs? - ANSWER Animate: people, insects, animals,
plants
Inanimate: water, soil, medical devices
Bacteria - ANSWER single celled organisms, has cell walls, susceptible to
antibiotics
What are the two types of bacteria? - ANSWER Anaerobic: without oxygen
Aerobic: with oxygen
What is used in patients rooms to kill spores from C. difficile? - ANSWER bleach
What are rickettsiae? - ANSWER type of bacteria that must be inside living cells to
reproduce
What are examples of rickettsiae vectors (living organisms that transmit disease)? -
ANSWER fleas, ticks, mites, lice that bite humans
What disease is caused by Rickettsia rickettsii? - ANSWER Rocky Mountain spotted
fever (lives in rodents and dogs) transmitted by tick bite
What agent is antibiotics not effective against? - ANSWER viruses
What is used to decrease the symptoms caused by viruses and to decrease the viral
load? - ANSWER antiviral drugs
What source does fungi obtain food from? - ANSWER living organisms or dead
material; they are highly resistant spores
What is used to treat fungal infections? - ANSWER antifungal medication
, How does protozoa infect humans? - ANSWER through fecal-oral contamination or
through ingestion of food or water contaminated with cysts or spores, through host to
host contact or by the bite of a mosquito or other insect that has previously bitten an
infected person
What is a helminths? - ANSWER wormlike parasitic animal; roundworms, flatworms,
tapeworms, pinworms, hookworms, flukes
What disease does prions thought to cause? - ANSWER mad cow disease
What is normal flora? - ANSWER organisms or microbe that occur naturally in or on
a particular body part
What is a pathogen? - ANSWER disease causing microbe or organisms
What are the three modes of transmission? - ANSWER direct contact
indirect contact
airborne
What illnesses are spread by direct transmission? - ANSWER influenza, impetigo,
scabies, conjunctivitis (pinkeye), pediculosis (lice), herpes, C. difficile (infection in the
colon), and STDs including HIV
How can you protect yourself and patients from direct transmission? - ANSWER
hand washing, aseptic technique, and use of PPE
What are examples of PPE? - ANSWER gloves, surgical masks, goggles, gowns,
and booties
What are the two types of indirect transmission? - ANSWER Vehicleborne
Vectorborne
What is vehicleborne transmission? - ANSWER spread of infectious organisms by
contact with a contaminated object, such as toy, soiled bedding, dressing from
wound, surgical instruments, water, food, and biological products such as blood,
serum, plasma, tissues, and organs
What is vectorborne transmission? - ANSWER spread of infectious organisms
through a living source other than humans such as an insect, flea, mouse, or rat.
What are some examples of vehicleborne illnesses? - ANSWER conjunctivitis
(pinkeye), trichinosis (undercook meat), HIV, and hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E
How can vehicle transmission be avoided? - ANSWER through proper hand
washing, thorough cleaning of the patient environment, and provision of clean water
and food supplies
