Edition (Zerwekh, 2023) | 9780323810159 | All Chapters with
Answers and Rationals
Florence Nightingale - ANSWER:First nurse epidemiologist who connected poor sanitation with cholera
and dysentery.
Mary Nutting - ANSWER:Contributed to moving nursing education into universities.
Clara Barton - ANSWER:Founded the American Red Cross.
Lillian Wald - ANSWER:Helped open the Henry Street Settlement.
Planning - ANSWER:Involves developing a plan with strategies to attain expected outcomes.
Novice - ANSWER:A beginning nurse with no previous experience in a specific area.
Proficient - ANSWER:Nurse who can assess a situation as a whole and transfer knowledge from previous
experiences.
Competent - ANSWER:Nurse who understands specific care required by different types of patients.
Advanced beginner - ANSWER:Nurse with some observational experience in a situation.
, Autonomy - ANSWER:Initiating independent nursing interventions without medical orders.
Licensure - ANSWER:Requirement to pass the NCLEX-RN to practice as a registered nurse.
Certification - ANSWER:Optional process to specialize in a specific area of nursing practice.
Accountability - ANSWER:Being responsible, professionally and legally, for the quality of nursing care
provided.
Manager - ANSWER:Coordinates nursing staff activities with personnel, policy, and budgetary
responsibilities.
Doctor of Philosophy degree (PhD) - ANSWER:Prepares nurses for rigorous research and theory
development.
Doctor of Nursing Practice degree (DNP) - ANSWER:Practice doctorate preparing advanced practice
nurses.
Continuing education - ANSWER:Formal educational programs offered post-baccalaureate by various
institutions.
Quality improvement - ANSWER:Identifying gaps between local and best practices.
Safety - ANSWER:One of the Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN) competencies.
Patient-centered care - ANSWER:Focusing on individual patient needs and preferences.