SPA 6565 FINAL EXAM WITH
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
EXAM SERIES 2024 ALREADY
GRADED A+
what is neurogenic dysphagia? - -----------CORRECT ANSWERS--------any issue with
swallowing safely or efficiently caused by a neurogenic disease
what are the causes of neurogenic dysphagia? - -----------CORRECT ANSWERS---------
Parkinson's
-Huntington's
-TBI
-CVA/stroke
-MS
-ALS
-Guillian-Barre Syndrome
-Alzheimer's
-Brain tumors
-Bulbar/Pseudobulbar Palsy
-Myathenia Gravis
-Neurotoxins
where can the location of the problem that causes dysphagia be (in neurogenic dysphagia) - --
---------CORRECT ANSWERS--------brain or CNS
-cerebral cortex
-midbrain/subcortical
-corticobulbar tract
-brainstem
,-cerebellum
-medulla
-meninges
-PNS/cranial nerves
what is an acute insult? - -----------CORRECT ANSWERS--------it happened all of a sudden
example of acute insult? - -----------CORRECT ANSWERS--------TBI/stroke
What are meninges? - -----------CORRECT ANSWERS--------membranes that cover the brain
and spinal cord; dura, arachnoid, Pia
What flows between the meninges - -----------CORRECT ANSWERS--------cerebral spinal
fluid
what is a leak that can make blood go into the CSF (the CSF is already full which creates
more pressure and the collection of blood SPREADS)? - -----------CORRECT ANSWERS----
----subarachnoid hemorrhage
What is bleeding of the arachnoid from up above that causes a collection of blood that stays
in just that area (easier to understand what the deficits might be)? - -----------CORRECT
ANSWERS--------subdural hematoma
what are the types of CVAs - -----------CORRECT ANSWERS--------hemorrhagic, ischemic
what is the higher brainstem - -----------CORRECT ANSWERS--------pons
what is the lower brainstem - -----------CORRECT ANSWERS--------medulla
What are the subcortical structures? - -----------CORRECT ANSWERS--------basal ganglia,
thalamus, cerebellum
, the basal ganglia is a key part of ______ motor control of swallow - -----------CORRECT
ANSWERS--------efferent
what does the basal ganglia do? - -----------CORRECT ANSWERS--------modulates motor
signals coming from the cortex and cerebellum; connects the cortex and other subcortical
structures
what controls posture, balance, and fine motor movement; motor movement - -----------
CORRECT ANSWERS--------cerebellum
T/f a cerebral stroke would not directly damage a nerve because the nerves are not in the
brain - -----------CORRECT ANSWERS--------true but it would impact them
how does the blood get from the heart to the brain? - -----------CORRECT ANSWERS--------
arteries
What is the PNS - -----------CORRECT ANSWERS--------all of the nervous system that isn't
in the brain or spinal cord
Are cranial nerves part of the CNS or PNS? - -----------CORRECT ANSWERS--------PNS
What artery is most often involved in strokes? - -----------CORRECT ANSWERS--------MCA
If the lesion is in the medulla/lower brainstem, what will the patient most likely have
difficulty with? - -----------CORRECT ANSWERS--------swallowing
What is the sequelae mainly dependent on? (2 things) - -----------CORRECT ANSWERS------
--site of lesion; extent of lesion (how bad it is)
In a stroke, what helps us to determine the sequelae? - -----------CORRECT ANSWERS-------
--hemiparesis?
-oral acceptance?
-lingual/labial/velum strength and coordination
-sensory impairment?
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
EXAM SERIES 2024 ALREADY
GRADED A+
what is neurogenic dysphagia? - -----------CORRECT ANSWERS--------any issue with
swallowing safely or efficiently caused by a neurogenic disease
what are the causes of neurogenic dysphagia? - -----------CORRECT ANSWERS---------
Parkinson's
-Huntington's
-TBI
-CVA/stroke
-MS
-ALS
-Guillian-Barre Syndrome
-Alzheimer's
-Brain tumors
-Bulbar/Pseudobulbar Palsy
-Myathenia Gravis
-Neurotoxins
where can the location of the problem that causes dysphagia be (in neurogenic dysphagia) - --
---------CORRECT ANSWERS--------brain or CNS
-cerebral cortex
-midbrain/subcortical
-corticobulbar tract
-brainstem
,-cerebellum
-medulla
-meninges
-PNS/cranial nerves
what is an acute insult? - -----------CORRECT ANSWERS--------it happened all of a sudden
example of acute insult? - -----------CORRECT ANSWERS--------TBI/stroke
What are meninges? - -----------CORRECT ANSWERS--------membranes that cover the brain
and spinal cord; dura, arachnoid, Pia
What flows between the meninges - -----------CORRECT ANSWERS--------cerebral spinal
fluid
what is a leak that can make blood go into the CSF (the CSF is already full which creates
more pressure and the collection of blood SPREADS)? - -----------CORRECT ANSWERS----
----subarachnoid hemorrhage
What is bleeding of the arachnoid from up above that causes a collection of blood that stays
in just that area (easier to understand what the deficits might be)? - -----------CORRECT
ANSWERS--------subdural hematoma
what are the types of CVAs - -----------CORRECT ANSWERS--------hemorrhagic, ischemic
what is the higher brainstem - -----------CORRECT ANSWERS--------pons
what is the lower brainstem - -----------CORRECT ANSWERS--------medulla
What are the subcortical structures? - -----------CORRECT ANSWERS--------basal ganglia,
thalamus, cerebellum
, the basal ganglia is a key part of ______ motor control of swallow - -----------CORRECT
ANSWERS--------efferent
what does the basal ganglia do? - -----------CORRECT ANSWERS--------modulates motor
signals coming from the cortex and cerebellum; connects the cortex and other subcortical
structures
what controls posture, balance, and fine motor movement; motor movement - -----------
CORRECT ANSWERS--------cerebellum
T/f a cerebral stroke would not directly damage a nerve because the nerves are not in the
brain - -----------CORRECT ANSWERS--------true but it would impact them
how does the blood get from the heart to the brain? - -----------CORRECT ANSWERS--------
arteries
What is the PNS - -----------CORRECT ANSWERS--------all of the nervous system that isn't
in the brain or spinal cord
Are cranial nerves part of the CNS or PNS? - -----------CORRECT ANSWERS--------PNS
What artery is most often involved in strokes? - -----------CORRECT ANSWERS--------MCA
If the lesion is in the medulla/lower brainstem, what will the patient most likely have
difficulty with? - -----------CORRECT ANSWERS--------swallowing
What is the sequelae mainly dependent on? (2 things) - -----------CORRECT ANSWERS------
--site of lesion; extent of lesion (how bad it is)
In a stroke, what helps us to determine the sequelae? - -----------CORRECT ANSWERS-------
--hemiparesis?
-oral acceptance?
-lingual/labial/velum strength and coordination
-sensory impairment?
