HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology Questions
and Correct Answers
What is histology?
✓ ~~~ The study of tissues
What is a tissue?
✓ ~~~ A group of cells that act together to perform a specific function.
What are the fundamental tissues?
✓ ~~~ Epithelial
Connective
Muscle
Nerve
(Elephants Can Make News)
What is the function of epithelial cells?
✓ ~~~ Cover, line, and protect the body and the internal organs.
What is the function of connective tissue?
✓ ~~~ Framework of the body. Provides support and structure to organs.
What is neuroglia?
, ✓ ~~~ The neurons and connective tissue cells that compose nerve tissue.
What ability does muscle tissue have?
✓ ~~~ Ability to contract and shorten.
What is muscle tissue classified as?
✓ ~~~ Voluntary(skeletal muscles) and involuntary(smooth & cardiac)
What is meiosis?
✓ ~~~ The cell division that takes place in the gonads, i.e. the ovaries and testes.
What two layers compose the skin?
✓ ~~~ Epidermis and dermis.
What is the epidermis?
✓ ~~~ The outermost protective layer of dead keratinized epithelial cells.
What is the dermis?
✓ ~~~ The underlying layer of connective tissue with blood vessels, nerve endings,
and the associated skin tissues.
What are the layers of the epidermis?
✓ ~~~ Corneum
Lucidum
,Granulosum
Germivatum ( basale & spinosum)
Mnemonic: Candy Lions Growl Great.
What does the protein pigment melanin protect against?
✓ ~~~ Radiation from the Sun
What is the dermis composed of?
✓ ~~~ Fibrous connective tissue with nerve endings, blood vessels, sensory nerve
endings, hair follicles, and glands.
What are the 2 types of sweat glands?
✓ ~~~ ecrine & apocrine
What do ecrine sweat glands produce?
✓ ~~~ Sweat. Regulate body temperature.
What do apocrine sweat glands produce?
✓ ~~~ Secretions contain bits of cytoplasm from cells, attracting bacteria that
produces body odor.
What do sebaceous glands secrete?
✓ ~~~ They secrete sebum through the hair follicles, which lubricates the skin and
prevents drying.
, What secretion produces oil?
✓ ~~~ Holocrine secretion.
What are sebaceous glands prone to during adolescence?
✓ ~~~ Becoming clogged and attracting bacteria.
What protein composes the hair and skin?
✓ ~~~ Keratin
What makes the body's framework?
✓ ~~~ Bone, cartilage, ligaments & joints.
What are the functions of the skeletal system?
✓ ~~~ Support, movement, blood cell formation, protection of internal organs,
detoxification, muscle attachment, mineral storage. *A MIME BATHED SEALS
SINGING "MY PONY"*
How are bones classified?
✓ ~~~ By shape.
Long
Short
flat
irregular
sesamoid
and Correct Answers
What is histology?
✓ ~~~ The study of tissues
What is a tissue?
✓ ~~~ A group of cells that act together to perform a specific function.
What are the fundamental tissues?
✓ ~~~ Epithelial
Connective
Muscle
Nerve
(Elephants Can Make News)
What is the function of epithelial cells?
✓ ~~~ Cover, line, and protect the body and the internal organs.
What is the function of connective tissue?
✓ ~~~ Framework of the body. Provides support and structure to organs.
What is neuroglia?
, ✓ ~~~ The neurons and connective tissue cells that compose nerve tissue.
What ability does muscle tissue have?
✓ ~~~ Ability to contract and shorten.
What is muscle tissue classified as?
✓ ~~~ Voluntary(skeletal muscles) and involuntary(smooth & cardiac)
What is meiosis?
✓ ~~~ The cell division that takes place in the gonads, i.e. the ovaries and testes.
What two layers compose the skin?
✓ ~~~ Epidermis and dermis.
What is the epidermis?
✓ ~~~ The outermost protective layer of dead keratinized epithelial cells.
What is the dermis?
✓ ~~~ The underlying layer of connective tissue with blood vessels, nerve endings,
and the associated skin tissues.
What are the layers of the epidermis?
✓ ~~~ Corneum
Lucidum
,Granulosum
Germivatum ( basale & spinosum)
Mnemonic: Candy Lions Growl Great.
What does the protein pigment melanin protect against?
✓ ~~~ Radiation from the Sun
What is the dermis composed of?
✓ ~~~ Fibrous connective tissue with nerve endings, blood vessels, sensory nerve
endings, hair follicles, and glands.
What are the 2 types of sweat glands?
✓ ~~~ ecrine & apocrine
What do ecrine sweat glands produce?
✓ ~~~ Sweat. Regulate body temperature.
What do apocrine sweat glands produce?
✓ ~~~ Secretions contain bits of cytoplasm from cells, attracting bacteria that
produces body odor.
What do sebaceous glands secrete?
✓ ~~~ They secrete sebum through the hair follicles, which lubricates the skin and
prevents drying.
, What secretion produces oil?
✓ ~~~ Holocrine secretion.
What are sebaceous glands prone to during adolescence?
✓ ~~~ Becoming clogged and attracting bacteria.
What protein composes the hair and skin?
✓ ~~~ Keratin
What makes the body's framework?
✓ ~~~ Bone, cartilage, ligaments & joints.
What are the functions of the skeletal system?
✓ ~~~ Support, movement, blood cell formation, protection of internal organs,
detoxification, muscle attachment, mineral storage. *A MIME BATHED SEALS
SINGING "MY PONY"*
How are bones classified?
✓ ~~~ By shape.
Long
Short
flat
irregular
sesamoid
