ALL THE COMSAE EXAM QUESTIONS
WITH ANSWERS 2024-2025
drug for UC/Crohns - -sulfasalazine
-pulmonary effects of CF - -chronic bronchitis an dbronchiectasis
-osteoporosis affects what parts of bone? - -(spongy and ) trabecular bone
mass loss
-imipramine - -TCA
SE: Tri-Cs
convulsions
coma
cardiotox
antichol effects- confusion in elderly; (acute glaucoma and orthostatic
hypotension- block alpha1)
-viscerosomatic - -visceral disease --> somatic finding
-loratidine vs ranitidine - -loratidine: 2nd gen H1 blocker, doesnt cross BBB
--> less sedating
ranitidine: H2 receptor antagonist (like cimetidine)
-cells w RBCs inside - -entaemoba histolytica
-which type of pneumothorax causes tracheal deviation to the contra side? -
-tension
-intracerebral hemorrhage adjacent to a lesion that contains a tangle of
numerous tortuous vessels - -AVM arteriovenous malformation
-cavernous hemangioma - -benign tumor of liver, A/W VHL
-anti-HepB surface antibody is only present in what pop - -recovered or
immunized
not in chronic or
-proctalgia fugax - -levator ani syndrome
,-fasciculus is UMN or LMN lesion? - -LMN
-ectopic gastric tissue - -meckels diverticulum
can also have ectopic pancreatic tissue
remnant of vitelline duct
-antibodies in hashimotos attacks - -thyroid peroxidase or antithyroglobulin
enlarged non tender thyroid
-2 factors that influence starling curve - -x axis- preload (EDV)
y axis- stroke volume or CO
-treatment for fibromyalgia - -TCA, SNRIs anticonvulsants
-what blocks NE reuptake? - -TCA or SNRIs
-possible complication of pagets bone disease - -osteocarcoma
-what does Hct tell you? - -ratio of volume of RBCs compared to total blood
volume
-probenecid - -inhibits reabsoprtion of uric acid in PCT
- also inhibits secretion of PCN
- can ppt uric acid calculi
-2 causes of SCID - -ADA deficiency
(adenosine deaminase required for degradation of adenosim and
deoxyadenosine
- in ADA deficiency, high levels of dATP --> toxicity in lymphocytes --> SCID
hypoplastic thymus
-lithiums effects on urination - -inhibits vasopression/ADH --> increased
urinary frequency
-infertility drug that can result in multiple fetuses - -clomiphene (clones-
multiple babies)
antagonist at estrogen R in hypothalamus (thus inhibits normal negative
feedback)
upregulates LH and FSH release from pituitary --> ovulation
,used to treat PCOS but can cause ovarian enlargement, multiple fetuses
-AFP levels in down syndrome - -low
-GI malformation A/W down syndrome - -Hirschprungs- congenital
aganglionic megacolon
defective relaxation and peristalsis of rectum and distal sigmoid colon
failure to pass meconium, empty rectal vault, megacolon
-myasthenia gravis associations - -thymoma, thymic hyperplasia
ptosis, diplopia, can affect chewing, swallowing, speaking, shoulders,
respiration
-tx for tinea - -azoles
-beta blockers for asthma - -none- even beta 1s can be nonselective at
higher doses
-what kind of teratogenic effects are seen w ACE/ARBs - -fetal renal
agenesis
-stones bones groans moans psych overtones - -high Ca or PTH
-PTH is made by what cells? - -chief cells of parathyroid gland
-PTH inhibits reabsorption of phosphate where? increases calcium resorption
where? - -PO4- proximal tubule
ca- DCT
-anterior innominate rotation means tight hip flexors or extensors? - -
extensor- hamstrings
-thoracic CS - -E SaRa
-most common cause of cellultis - -staph aureus, strep pyogenes
-FPR- direct or indirect? active or passive? - -indirect- place them in position
of diagnosis
passive
-cant treat kid w tetracycline so what do you give? - -amoxicillin
, -which Heps are there currently vaccines for? - -A and B (and so by virtue,
also D)
-why does Hep D need Hep B? - -Hep D utilizes the HBV surface antigen as
its envelope?
-most common hepatitis A/W IVDA in the US - -hep c
-roseola - -4 day high fever
then rash on the trunk (spares face)
affects babies up to 2 years
HHV6- affects CD4 helper cells and kills them off
-erythema infectiosum - -slapped cheek
parvovirus B19
nonspecific fever/prodrome then slapp cheek rash 5 days later, then rash
appears on arms and spreads to trunk/legs
rash can worsen w fever and sun exposure
TORCH infxn so baby in womb that is exposed can lead to hydrops fetalis
-most common STD - -chlamydia
sxs similar to STI plus discharge
will have high neutrophil count
-dimorphic- butterflies - -candida, histo, cocci, paracocci, blasto, sporothrix,
butterflies huge pair of cocc catching stamp
-hip restricted in internal rotation
dx? - -innom outflare
-immune complex in glomerular mesangium 2 days after URI
berger or PSGN? - -berger
PSGN is 2 wks post URI
WITH ANSWERS 2024-2025
drug for UC/Crohns - -sulfasalazine
-pulmonary effects of CF - -chronic bronchitis an dbronchiectasis
-osteoporosis affects what parts of bone? - -(spongy and ) trabecular bone
mass loss
-imipramine - -TCA
SE: Tri-Cs
convulsions
coma
cardiotox
antichol effects- confusion in elderly; (acute glaucoma and orthostatic
hypotension- block alpha1)
-viscerosomatic - -visceral disease --> somatic finding
-loratidine vs ranitidine - -loratidine: 2nd gen H1 blocker, doesnt cross BBB
--> less sedating
ranitidine: H2 receptor antagonist (like cimetidine)
-cells w RBCs inside - -entaemoba histolytica
-which type of pneumothorax causes tracheal deviation to the contra side? -
-tension
-intracerebral hemorrhage adjacent to a lesion that contains a tangle of
numerous tortuous vessels - -AVM arteriovenous malformation
-cavernous hemangioma - -benign tumor of liver, A/W VHL
-anti-HepB surface antibody is only present in what pop - -recovered or
immunized
not in chronic or
-proctalgia fugax - -levator ani syndrome
,-fasciculus is UMN or LMN lesion? - -LMN
-ectopic gastric tissue - -meckels diverticulum
can also have ectopic pancreatic tissue
remnant of vitelline duct
-antibodies in hashimotos attacks - -thyroid peroxidase or antithyroglobulin
enlarged non tender thyroid
-2 factors that influence starling curve - -x axis- preload (EDV)
y axis- stroke volume or CO
-treatment for fibromyalgia - -TCA, SNRIs anticonvulsants
-what blocks NE reuptake? - -TCA or SNRIs
-possible complication of pagets bone disease - -osteocarcoma
-what does Hct tell you? - -ratio of volume of RBCs compared to total blood
volume
-probenecid - -inhibits reabsoprtion of uric acid in PCT
- also inhibits secretion of PCN
- can ppt uric acid calculi
-2 causes of SCID - -ADA deficiency
(adenosine deaminase required for degradation of adenosim and
deoxyadenosine
- in ADA deficiency, high levels of dATP --> toxicity in lymphocytes --> SCID
hypoplastic thymus
-lithiums effects on urination - -inhibits vasopression/ADH --> increased
urinary frequency
-infertility drug that can result in multiple fetuses - -clomiphene (clones-
multiple babies)
antagonist at estrogen R in hypothalamus (thus inhibits normal negative
feedback)
upregulates LH and FSH release from pituitary --> ovulation
,used to treat PCOS but can cause ovarian enlargement, multiple fetuses
-AFP levels in down syndrome - -low
-GI malformation A/W down syndrome - -Hirschprungs- congenital
aganglionic megacolon
defective relaxation and peristalsis of rectum and distal sigmoid colon
failure to pass meconium, empty rectal vault, megacolon
-myasthenia gravis associations - -thymoma, thymic hyperplasia
ptosis, diplopia, can affect chewing, swallowing, speaking, shoulders,
respiration
-tx for tinea - -azoles
-beta blockers for asthma - -none- even beta 1s can be nonselective at
higher doses
-what kind of teratogenic effects are seen w ACE/ARBs - -fetal renal
agenesis
-stones bones groans moans psych overtones - -high Ca or PTH
-PTH is made by what cells? - -chief cells of parathyroid gland
-PTH inhibits reabsorption of phosphate where? increases calcium resorption
where? - -PO4- proximal tubule
ca- DCT
-anterior innominate rotation means tight hip flexors or extensors? - -
extensor- hamstrings
-thoracic CS - -E SaRa
-most common cause of cellultis - -staph aureus, strep pyogenes
-FPR- direct or indirect? active or passive? - -indirect- place them in position
of diagnosis
passive
-cant treat kid w tetracycline so what do you give? - -amoxicillin
, -which Heps are there currently vaccines for? - -A and B (and so by virtue,
also D)
-why does Hep D need Hep B? - -Hep D utilizes the HBV surface antigen as
its envelope?
-most common hepatitis A/W IVDA in the US - -hep c
-roseola - -4 day high fever
then rash on the trunk (spares face)
affects babies up to 2 years
HHV6- affects CD4 helper cells and kills them off
-erythema infectiosum - -slapped cheek
parvovirus B19
nonspecific fever/prodrome then slapp cheek rash 5 days later, then rash
appears on arms and spreads to trunk/legs
rash can worsen w fever and sun exposure
TORCH infxn so baby in womb that is exposed can lead to hydrops fetalis
-most common STD - -chlamydia
sxs similar to STI plus discharge
will have high neutrophil count
-dimorphic- butterflies - -candida, histo, cocci, paracocci, blasto, sporothrix,
butterflies huge pair of cocc catching stamp
-hip restricted in internal rotation
dx? - -innom outflare
-immune complex in glomerular mesangium 2 days after URI
berger or PSGN? - -berger
PSGN is 2 wks post URI
