What is globalization? - Answer -The process through which regions have become more
interdependent
Name the four phases of Globalization (w/ one example from each) - Answer -Archaic 206 BCE -
Silk Roads create a flow of goods, human capital, and ideas
Age of Exploration 1500s-1700s - Old and New Worlds connect & trading hubs, metropole-
colony form
Industrialization 1890s-1914 - Communications & transportation technology push globalization
to a new peak
Contemporary - Individuals can globalize their knowledge without going through institutions
What separates contemporary globalization from earlier phases? - Answer -The role of the
individual has increased. It is now in the hands of the people, rather than institutions and the
elite. This has happened through increased communication, technology, and transportation (via
industrialization)
Time-Space Compression (Description + Example) - Answer -Process in which technology makes
geographic distance less important (Facetime)
Disembedding (Description + Example) - Answer -Products and info removed from a singular,
tangible context to an abstract, virtual state (Burning Man Statue)
Hyper-globalist view on Globalization - Answer -Perspective on globalization that views
globalization as profoundly transformative, changing how we live and a reduction of the nation-
state. This happens through the progressive erosion of the borders that defined the economies
of nation-states, and the centrality of nation-states
,Transformationalist view on Globalization - Answer -The perspective on globalization that sees
hyper-globalists as exaggerating, perhaps inaccurate. The nation-state is actually resilient and
remains the main actors in international proceedings. Also: "globalization" is a broad term
Skeptics view on Globalization - Answer -Perspective on globalization that questions just how
large the scope of truly is. View it as an extended historical process.
Globalization authors - Answer -Friedman: transformationalist that believes globalization is
flattening the world
Wong- globalization can allow for cultures to spread and boost themselves
Ghettawam: globalization works for some, but not all- the world is actually not flat
Does globalization lead to cultural homogenization? Why or Why not? - Answer -Globalization is
not simply homogenization. When we view globalization in terms of science and technology,
we'd better notice that people are not passively accepting the influence of globalization. They
have great subjectivity and freedom to change and create culture. Science and technology
make the world globalized and globalization reflects somewhat of the theory of convergence,
but in deeper sense, it promotes cultural identity. With the development of science and
technology, people are closer than before. They become much more concerned about their
cultural identity. They are constantly searching for their cultural roots and defending them.
3 likely responses to globalization - Answer -Accommodation: taking in the cultural aspect and
accepting it without morphing it to blend in
Resistance- not accepting flow of ideas
Hybridity- mixing aspects of culture into another
Cultural hybridity versus Multiculturalism - Answer -Cultural Hybridity is the inherent mixing of
cultures, while multiculturalism is "ethnic pluralism" without sacrificing cultural identity.
, Cultural appropriation versus Hybridity - Answer -Cultural appropriation is borrowing that
trivializes oppression, perpetuates stereotypes, and takes place in the context of vastly
different levels of power and privilege (picking and choosing)
Hybridity is just the mixing of cultures, doesn't assert one over the other.
Major debate about globalization in Political Science - Answer -"Is globalization facilitating the
spread of democracy?"
Major debate about globalization in Economics - Answer -"Is globalization reducing economic
inequality?"
Major debate about globalization in Anthropology/Cultural Studies - Answer -"Is globalization a
form of domination/cultural imperialism?"
Does globalization appear to be making the countries in the world more economically equal? -
Answer -Trade & Investment increased, leading to enhanced interdependence of state
economies. Thus, countries have become more equal after a trend of only a few countries
benefitting from globalization
Outsourcing - Answer -Moving jobs from one country to another.
Global view: way of turning low wage, low prestige service sector jobs in American into high
wage, high prestige jobs in India.
Local view: language policing, loss and social ties and identities due to working on a different
time zone, work schedule no longer in sync with biological clock
Offshoring - Answer -Moving the entire process over to a different country.
Global view: good for business and the workers
interdependent
Name the four phases of Globalization (w/ one example from each) - Answer -Archaic 206 BCE -
Silk Roads create a flow of goods, human capital, and ideas
Age of Exploration 1500s-1700s - Old and New Worlds connect & trading hubs, metropole-
colony form
Industrialization 1890s-1914 - Communications & transportation technology push globalization
to a new peak
Contemporary - Individuals can globalize their knowledge without going through institutions
What separates contemporary globalization from earlier phases? - Answer -The role of the
individual has increased. It is now in the hands of the people, rather than institutions and the
elite. This has happened through increased communication, technology, and transportation (via
industrialization)
Time-Space Compression (Description + Example) - Answer -Process in which technology makes
geographic distance less important (Facetime)
Disembedding (Description + Example) - Answer -Products and info removed from a singular,
tangible context to an abstract, virtual state (Burning Man Statue)
Hyper-globalist view on Globalization - Answer -Perspective on globalization that views
globalization as profoundly transformative, changing how we live and a reduction of the nation-
state. This happens through the progressive erosion of the borders that defined the economies
of nation-states, and the centrality of nation-states
,Transformationalist view on Globalization - Answer -The perspective on globalization that sees
hyper-globalists as exaggerating, perhaps inaccurate. The nation-state is actually resilient and
remains the main actors in international proceedings. Also: "globalization" is a broad term
Skeptics view on Globalization - Answer -Perspective on globalization that questions just how
large the scope of truly is. View it as an extended historical process.
Globalization authors - Answer -Friedman: transformationalist that believes globalization is
flattening the world
Wong- globalization can allow for cultures to spread and boost themselves
Ghettawam: globalization works for some, but not all- the world is actually not flat
Does globalization lead to cultural homogenization? Why or Why not? - Answer -Globalization is
not simply homogenization. When we view globalization in terms of science and technology,
we'd better notice that people are not passively accepting the influence of globalization. They
have great subjectivity and freedom to change and create culture. Science and technology
make the world globalized and globalization reflects somewhat of the theory of convergence,
but in deeper sense, it promotes cultural identity. With the development of science and
technology, people are closer than before. They become much more concerned about their
cultural identity. They are constantly searching for their cultural roots and defending them.
3 likely responses to globalization - Answer -Accommodation: taking in the cultural aspect and
accepting it without morphing it to blend in
Resistance- not accepting flow of ideas
Hybridity- mixing aspects of culture into another
Cultural hybridity versus Multiculturalism - Answer -Cultural Hybridity is the inherent mixing of
cultures, while multiculturalism is "ethnic pluralism" without sacrificing cultural identity.
, Cultural appropriation versus Hybridity - Answer -Cultural appropriation is borrowing that
trivializes oppression, perpetuates stereotypes, and takes place in the context of vastly
different levels of power and privilege (picking and choosing)
Hybridity is just the mixing of cultures, doesn't assert one over the other.
Major debate about globalization in Political Science - Answer -"Is globalization facilitating the
spread of democracy?"
Major debate about globalization in Economics - Answer -"Is globalization reducing economic
inequality?"
Major debate about globalization in Anthropology/Cultural Studies - Answer -"Is globalization a
form of domination/cultural imperialism?"
Does globalization appear to be making the countries in the world more economically equal? -
Answer -Trade & Investment increased, leading to enhanced interdependence of state
economies. Thus, countries have become more equal after a trend of only a few countries
benefitting from globalization
Outsourcing - Answer -Moving jobs from one country to another.
Global view: way of turning low wage, low prestige service sector jobs in American into high
wage, high prestige jobs in India.
Local view: language policing, loss and social ties and identities due to working on a different
time zone, work schedule no longer in sync with biological clock
Offshoring - Answer -Moving the entire process over to a different country.
Global view: good for business and the workers
