Clinical Chemistry Recalls Exam Questions and Complete Solutions Graded A+.

  c-peptide testing is used to evaluate - Answer: HYPOGLYCEMIA Ability to maintain steady glucose conc in blood - Answer: GLUCOROMETER - glucose level of <50mg/dl - high insulin, pro insulin and c peptide - low beta hydroxybutyrate levels indicates? - Answer: INSULINOMA rate of glycolysis if stored in room temp - Answer: 7mg/dl per hour 10% contamintation of 5% dextrose increases glucose by - Answer: 500mg/dl aresenomolybdic acid - Answer: nelson somogyi enzymatic conversion of glucose is quantitated by consumption of oxygen using an oxygen sensing electrode a. polarographic glucose oxidase b. amperometric c. saifer gernstenfield method d. both a and b e. both b and c - Answer: a and b most specific glucose method - Answer: hexokinase reference glucose method - Answer: hexokinase glucose-6-phosphatase deficiency - Answer: Von Gierke's Disease protein soluble in water - Answer: albumin floating lipoprotein - Answer: Beta-VLDL What is the most abundant amino acid in the body, being involved in more metabolic processes than any other amino acid? A. Alanine B. Glutamine C. Serine D. Tyrosine - Answer: glutamine Point-of-care testing (POCT) refers to: A. All testing done to the patient to save time B. All lab testing done in the central lab C. Any clinical lab testing done at the patient's bedside D. Satellite lab testing - Answer: all clnical lab testing done at the patient's bedside Which order of events should be followed at the conclusion of a laboratory worker's shift in order to prevent the spread of bloodborne pathogens? A. Remove gloves, disinfect area, wash hands, remove lab coat B. Disinfect area, remove gloves, remove lab coat, wash hands C. Disinfect area, remove gloves, wash hands, remove lab coat D. Remove gloves, wash hands, remove lab coat, disinfect area - Answer: Disinfect area, remove gloves, remove lab coat, wash hands Which specimen is the sample of choice for lead screening? A. Whole blood B. Hair C. Serum D. Urine - Answer: whole blood most appropriate single screening test for thyroid disease. A. Free thyroxine index B. Total T3 assay C. Total T4 D. TSH assay - Answer: tsh assay In a person with normal glucose metabolism, the blood glucose level usually increases rapidly after carbohydrates are ingested but returns to a normal level after: A. 30 minutes B. 45 minutes C. 60 minutes D. 120 minutes - Answer: 2 hours in total serum osmolality, sodium, chloride, and bicarbonate ions normally contribute approximately what percent? A. 8 B. 45 C. 75 D. 92 - Answer: 92 Deficiency of the enzyme system required for conjugation of bilirubin - Answer: Crigler-Najjar syndrome elevation of total bilirubin primarily due to an increase in the conjugated bilirubin fraction? A. Hemolyticjaundice B. Neonatal jaundice C. Crigler-Najjar syndrome D. Obstructive jaundice - Answer: obstructive jaundice total serum calcium contains how many percent of free ionized calcium? - Answer: 50% diazo reagent components - Answer: sulfanilic acid hcl sodium nitrite confirmatory diagnosis of congestive heart failure - Answer: elevated b-type natriurectic peptide what class of enzymes does lactate dehydrogenase belong - Answer: oxidoreductase current reference method for choleseterol measurement - Answer: gas chromatography mass spectrometry second most prevalent csf protein - Answer: albumin uric acid assay that uses mercury vapor lamp and quartz cuvette - Answer: enzymatic UV determine whether there is a statistically significant difference between the standard deviations of two groups of data - Answer: f test relationship of albumin concentration to the severity of liver disease - Answer: inversely proportional For albumin assay, absorbance at 630 nm is less likely to be affected by bilirubin or hemoglbin in the sample. Which dye gives a much greater absorbance change at 630 nm than it would at 500 nm? A. HABA (Hydroxyazobenzene-benzoic acid) B. BCG (Bromcresol green) - Answer: bcg Minor lipoproteins: A. LpX and HDL B. HDL and LDL C. VLDL and chylomicrons D. IDL and Lp(a) - Answer: d Effect of decreased temperature to fluorescence - Answer: increased flourescence substrate used in the classic Cherry Crandall method for lipase determination - Answer: 50% olive oil Alcohol level: Decreased inhibitions, loss of critical judgment, memory impairment, diminished reaction time: A. 0.09 - 0.25 B. 0.18 - 0.30 C. 0.27 - 0.40 D. 0.35 - 0.50 - Answer: 0.09 - 0.25 levels of aldosterone when serum sodium is low and serum potassium is high - Answer: decreased major advantage of POCT - Answer: fast turnaround time The National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) has established cutoffs for total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol to define persons at high risk for coronary heart disease later in life. What is the cutoff for a desirable LDL cholesterol concentration? A. <130 mg/dL B. <160 mg/dL C. <200 mg/dL D. >130 mg/dL - Answer: <130 anion gap is useful for quality control for what? - Answer: Tests in the electrolyte profile effect of hyperkalemia except a. dehydration b. extracellular acidosis c. reduced gfr d. renal tubular acidosis - Answer: renal tubular acidosis Cortisol level in PM is ______ than in AM - Answer: lower protein produced in decreased amount in Wilson's disease A. Albumin B. Ceruloplasmin C. Haptoglobin D. Hemopexin - Answer: ceruloplasmin Which electrolyte plays a major role in the regulation of water balance in the body - Answer: sodium most biologically active androgen - Answer: testosterone trace metal accumulates in Wilson's disease - Answer: copper integral part of the transmission of nerve impulses: A. Iron B. Phosphorus C. potassium - Answer: potassium aldosterone-secreting adrenal adenoma - Answer: Conn's syndrome tumors of the adrenal medulla or symphatetic ganglia that produce and release large quantities of catecholamines - Answer: pheochromocytoma irreversible scarring process by which normal liver architecture is transformed into abnormal nodular architecture - Answer: cirrhosis hereditary disorder in which there is decreased bilirubin transport into the hepatocytes - Answer: Gilbert's syndrome This type of error which can be observed on a Levey-Jennings chart is formed by control values that distribute themselves on one side or either side of the mean for six consecutive days. - Answer: shift The glycated hemoglobin value represents the blood glucose value during the preceding: a. One to three weeks b. Two to three weeks c. Three to six weeks d. Eight to twelve weeks - Answer: 8 to 12 weeks Apolipoprotein B-100 is the primary component of: - Answer: VLDL According to the NCEP Guidelines for Acceptable Measurement Error, the coefficient of variation for HDL cholesterol should be on what range? - Answer: <4% This is considered as a one-step method for cholesterol determination - Answer: liebermann burchardt Cholesterol esterase is used in which method/s for cholesterol determination? - Answer: enzymatic LDL can be calculated from measurements of the following except _________ by the Friedewald formula: a. Total cholesterol b. VLDL c. HDL d. Triglyceride - Answer: VLDL Which method for the assay of uric acid is simple and nonspecific? - Answer: colorimetric: kinetic shows a beta-gamma bridging effect as the serum protein electrophoretic pattern - Answer: hepatic cirrhosis In hemolytic disease of the newborn, which form of bilirubin is elevated in plasma? - Answer: uncojugated bilirubin Creatine kinase is under what enzyme category - Answer: Transferases Confirmatory test for acromegaly - Answer: Glucose suppression test An individual with hyperthyroidism will manifest _________ triglyceride levels - Answer: decreased The primary product of hepatic metabolism of cocaine is - Answer: benzolecgonine are mental confusion, dizziness and strongly impaired motor skills (staggering, slurred speech) - Answer: 0.18-0.30