Journey Across the Life Span Chapter 1 Terms in this set (38) Early Civilization • Believed that illness was due to natural or supernatural forces, or the result of wrongdoing • Used incantations, charms or herbs, magic, or folk remedies 6th centu

Journey Across the Life Span Chapter 1 Terms in this set (38) Early Civilization • Believed that illness was due to natural or supernatural forces, or the result of wrongdoing • Used incantations, charms or herbs, magic, or folk remedies 6th century BC Medical schools established Hippocrates First physician to believe that nature had a healing component Middle Ages Medicine and religion were interwoven 19th century Bacteriology developed 20th century Infectious diseases were major causes of deaths, but marked improvements to limit the number of deaths were seen by improving: History of Health Care • Sanitation • Water • Food • Quality of life • Use of vaccines and antibiotics Epidemics Refers to disease that affects a large number of people in a community Pandemics Illness that spread over several countries or continents Endemics disease affect only a particular people or country Old diseases resurface • TB • Measles New infections appear • 1918 First influenza pandemic • HIV/AIDS • Ebola • Drug-resistant strains of organisms • 2019 Novel Corona Virus causing Sars Covid-19 infections Covid-19 Infection Caused millions of deaths worldwide Affecting people of all ages, but most vulnerable: Aged People with underlying conditions Treatment objectives: Save lives by slowing transmission of the infection Scientist developed first MRNA vaccine to prevent Covid-19 infections Contributions to Longevity Motor vehicle safety Advances in diagnosis and treatment for heart disease and stroke Improvements in safety Advancements in maternal child care Better nutrition Improved hygiene Improved technology Recognition of risks with tobacco use Improved genetic counseling Healthy People 2030 Placed health equity and well being of the Nation at the center of its framework Healthy People 2030 5 objectives Health condition, focus on quality of life Health behavior, focus on health teaching Population, issues affecting men, women, and people with disabilities Setting and system, role of health organization Social determinant, focus on the environment Social Determinants of Health (SDOH) Focus on conditions in the environment affecting people, health, family, and quality of life Social Determinants of Health (SDOH) Examples • Social and community support • Economic stability • Access to quality education • Access to quality health care • Neighborhood and environment Leading Health Indicators From social determinants comes the Leading Health Indicators(LHI). Leading Health Indicators are based on lifespan needs Leading Health Indicators helps • Infants • Children and adolescent • Adult and older • All ages Managed care types • PCP • HMO • PPO • POS PCP Primacy Care Provider HMO Health Maintenance Organization: Individuals pay a fixed amount and get access to facilities within the plan PPO preferred provider organization POS Point of Service W H O definition A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. Holistic health • Physical-Genetic make up • Psychological- how a person feels and expresses emotions • Social-everyday issues • Cognitive- encompasses person's ability to learn and develop • Environmental influences- issues with water, air quality, noise, biochemical pollution. Health A balance of internal and external forces leading to optimal functioning Health promotion Directed toward increasing one's optimal level of wellness Health maintenance Focuses on prevention Health restoration Restores function and compensates for losses Healthy Lifestyle Practices Good nutrition Exercise Mental health Substance avoidance Disease prevention Empowerment is a form of self-responsibility Empowerment components • Recognize own needs • Solve problems • Gain sense of control • Access resources Roles of the Nurse in Health Promotion Caregiver Teacher Advocate Collaborator Role model Primary (health promotion) • Basic hygiene, nutrition, exercise, immunizations, and regular checkups Secondary • Early diagnosis, screening, and treatment Tertiary (health restoration) • Restore person to optimal functioning