CRM1300 FINAL Test with Questions Solved
100% Correct
Linden's 6 areas of criminology - Answer 1. Definitions of crime
2. Origins and roles of law
3. Social distribution of crime
4. Causation of crime
5. Patterns of behaviour
6. Social reactions to crime
3 Branches of criminology - Answer 1. Sociology of Law (origins)
2. Social Defence (efficacy of CJS)
3. Crime Causation (why?)
5 types of justice - Answer 1. Criminal (criminal code)
2. Civil (contractual relationship)
3. Regulatory (mala prohibita, corporate)
4 Restorative (sense of justice)
5. Cultural (social harm)
4 Official Functions of Criminal law - Answer 1. Stop revenge
2. Social control
3. Express public opinion
4. Deterring criminal behaviour
,Criticisms of deterrence (6) - Answer 1. Prison risks reducing deterrence
2. Certainty of detection is problematic
3. Rational choice theory too simplistic
4. Economic costs of prison
5. Punishment creates inequality
6. Laws are too complex
Criticisms of UCR data (5) - Answer 1. dark figure
2. police participation is voluntary
3. doesn't include federal crime
4. records only legally defined crimes
5. legal hierarchy
4 approaches to crime statistics - Answer 1. Prima Facie (what you see is what you get)
2. Constructionist (police activity)
3. Structural (reflect societal inequalities)
4. Integrationist (bit of all 3)
5 conditions for formally recording crime - Answer 1. Seriousness
2. Wants of complainant
3. Relational
4. Status
5. Respect shown to police
Problems with official crime stats (6) - Answer 1. What counts as a crime (legal)
2. Clearance rates (ignorance)
, 3. Proactive vs. reactive policing
4. Effects of social factors (biases)
5. Who gets included in the denomination
6. Crime funnel
Alternatives to official crime stats - Answer 1. Observational studies
2. Self reported studies
3. Victim surveys
5 premises of positivism - Answer 1. Natural crime should replace legal definitions
2. Criminology is a science
3. Individual origins of crime
4. Deterministic
5. Response to crime using individual treatment
Race Theory (Rushton) - Answer Brain size, intelligence, sex drive all related to race
Psychoanalysis (Freud) - Answer Id (pleasure), Superego (conscience), Ego (negotiates
reality) -- pathologies arise from repressed inner drives
The Psychopath (Cleckley) - Answer Underdeveloped conscience = psychopath
Controversy: do we create then through the traits we value in society (those in CEO's)
Criminal Personalities (Eysenck) - Answer Extraverts (under stimulated, seek arousal)
Neurotics (overstimulated, overreact to stress)
Psychotics (overrepresented in violent crimes)
100% Correct
Linden's 6 areas of criminology - Answer 1. Definitions of crime
2. Origins and roles of law
3. Social distribution of crime
4. Causation of crime
5. Patterns of behaviour
6. Social reactions to crime
3 Branches of criminology - Answer 1. Sociology of Law (origins)
2. Social Defence (efficacy of CJS)
3. Crime Causation (why?)
5 types of justice - Answer 1. Criminal (criminal code)
2. Civil (contractual relationship)
3. Regulatory (mala prohibita, corporate)
4 Restorative (sense of justice)
5. Cultural (social harm)
4 Official Functions of Criminal law - Answer 1. Stop revenge
2. Social control
3. Express public opinion
4. Deterring criminal behaviour
,Criticisms of deterrence (6) - Answer 1. Prison risks reducing deterrence
2. Certainty of detection is problematic
3. Rational choice theory too simplistic
4. Economic costs of prison
5. Punishment creates inequality
6. Laws are too complex
Criticisms of UCR data (5) - Answer 1. dark figure
2. police participation is voluntary
3. doesn't include federal crime
4. records only legally defined crimes
5. legal hierarchy
4 approaches to crime statistics - Answer 1. Prima Facie (what you see is what you get)
2. Constructionist (police activity)
3. Structural (reflect societal inequalities)
4. Integrationist (bit of all 3)
5 conditions for formally recording crime - Answer 1. Seriousness
2. Wants of complainant
3. Relational
4. Status
5. Respect shown to police
Problems with official crime stats (6) - Answer 1. What counts as a crime (legal)
2. Clearance rates (ignorance)
, 3. Proactive vs. reactive policing
4. Effects of social factors (biases)
5. Who gets included in the denomination
6. Crime funnel
Alternatives to official crime stats - Answer 1. Observational studies
2. Self reported studies
3. Victim surveys
5 premises of positivism - Answer 1. Natural crime should replace legal definitions
2. Criminology is a science
3. Individual origins of crime
4. Deterministic
5. Response to crime using individual treatment
Race Theory (Rushton) - Answer Brain size, intelligence, sex drive all related to race
Psychoanalysis (Freud) - Answer Id (pleasure), Superego (conscience), Ego (negotiates
reality) -- pathologies arise from repressed inner drives
The Psychopath (Cleckley) - Answer Underdeveloped conscience = psychopath
Controversy: do we create then through the traits we value in society (those in CEO's)
Criminal Personalities (Eysenck) - Answer Extraverts (under stimulated, seek arousal)
Neurotics (overstimulated, overreact to stress)
Psychotics (overrepresented in violent crimes)
