Nursing 6700 Exam 2 Questions with Correct Answers
Viscera Correct Answer-all of the internal organs inside the abdominal
cavity
Small intestine Correct Answer-which structure is located in all 4
quadrants
Spleen Correct Answer-soft mass of lymphatic tissue on the
posterolateral wall of the abdominal cavity, immediately under the
diaphragm; normally not palpable- must be enlarged 3 times its normal
size
Aorta Correct Answer-just to the left of the midline in the upper part of
the abdomen. It descends behind the peritoneum and at 2cm below the
umbilicus it bifurcates into the right and left common iliac arteries. You
can palpate the aortic pulsations in the upper anterior abdominal wall.
Pancreas Correct Answer-a soft, lobulated gland located behind the
stomach. It stretches obliquely across the posterior abdominal wall to the
LUQ.
Kidneys Correct Answer-• bean shaped; retroperitoneal or posterior to
the abdominal contents; protected by the posterior ribs and musculature.
Normal Correct Answer-It is _________ not to be able to palpate the
liver, kidneys, or spleen
,Hyperactive Bowel Sounds Correct Answer-loud, high-pitched, gurgling
sounds, "borborygmi;" signal increased motility; they occur with early
mechanical bowel obstruction, gastroenteritis, brisk diarrhea, laxative
use, and subsiding paralytic ileus.
Hypoactive Bowel Sounds Correct Answer-diminished or absent bowel
sounds which signal decreased motility as a result of inflammation as
seen with peritonitis; from paralytic ileus as following abdominal
surgery or form late bowel obstruction. Can also occur with pneumonia.
(inflammation or abdominal surgery)
Tympany Correct Answer-When percussing the abdomen which sound
is dominant?
Hyper-resonance Correct Answer-What sound will you hear close to the
lung field?
dullness Correct Answer-What sound do you hear over solid organs?
2 arteries and 1 vein Correct Answer-Umbilical cord contains _____ and
______
Tympany; scattered dullness over adipose tissue Correct Answer-Sound
heard when percussing obese patients
, Tympany over large area Correct Answer-Sound heard when percussing
over an abdomen distended with air or gas?
Tympany at top where intestines float; dull over fluid; produces fluid
wave and shifting dullness Correct Answer-Sound heard when
percussing over an abdomen with ascites?
Umbilical Hernia Correct Answer-most commonly seen in children- it
appears a 2-3 weeks and is especially prominent when the infant cries.
The hernia reaches maximum size at 1 month (up to 2.5 cm or 1 inch)
and usually disappears by 1 year.
Rebound Tenderness Correct Answer-pain on release of pressure; seen
with appendicitis, gallstones, or cholecystitis; normal negative response
is no pain on release of pressure; perform at the end of exam because it
can cause intense pain and muscle rigidity
Aortic Aneurysm Correct Answer-aorta has distended and has enlarged
to the point of rupturing; contributing factor is hypertension; bulging
pulsating mass >5 cm
Liver Span Correct Answer-Measure height of liver in the right MCL
and begin percussing in the area of lung resonance and move down the
interspaces until the sound changes to a dull quality -- mark the spot
(usually in 5th intercostal space). Then, find abdominal tympany and
percuss up in the MCL. Mark where the sound changes from tympany to
a dull sound, normally at the right costal margin; Measure distance
between two marks; Normal size is 6-12 cm
Viscera Correct Answer-all of the internal organs inside the abdominal
cavity
Small intestine Correct Answer-which structure is located in all 4
quadrants
Spleen Correct Answer-soft mass of lymphatic tissue on the
posterolateral wall of the abdominal cavity, immediately under the
diaphragm; normally not palpable- must be enlarged 3 times its normal
size
Aorta Correct Answer-just to the left of the midline in the upper part of
the abdomen. It descends behind the peritoneum and at 2cm below the
umbilicus it bifurcates into the right and left common iliac arteries. You
can palpate the aortic pulsations in the upper anterior abdominal wall.
Pancreas Correct Answer-a soft, lobulated gland located behind the
stomach. It stretches obliquely across the posterior abdominal wall to the
LUQ.
Kidneys Correct Answer-• bean shaped; retroperitoneal or posterior to
the abdominal contents; protected by the posterior ribs and musculature.
Normal Correct Answer-It is _________ not to be able to palpate the
liver, kidneys, or spleen
,Hyperactive Bowel Sounds Correct Answer-loud, high-pitched, gurgling
sounds, "borborygmi;" signal increased motility; they occur with early
mechanical bowel obstruction, gastroenteritis, brisk diarrhea, laxative
use, and subsiding paralytic ileus.
Hypoactive Bowel Sounds Correct Answer-diminished or absent bowel
sounds which signal decreased motility as a result of inflammation as
seen with peritonitis; from paralytic ileus as following abdominal
surgery or form late bowel obstruction. Can also occur with pneumonia.
(inflammation or abdominal surgery)
Tympany Correct Answer-When percussing the abdomen which sound
is dominant?
Hyper-resonance Correct Answer-What sound will you hear close to the
lung field?
dullness Correct Answer-What sound do you hear over solid organs?
2 arteries and 1 vein Correct Answer-Umbilical cord contains _____ and
______
Tympany; scattered dullness over adipose tissue Correct Answer-Sound
heard when percussing obese patients
, Tympany over large area Correct Answer-Sound heard when percussing
over an abdomen distended with air or gas?
Tympany at top where intestines float; dull over fluid; produces fluid
wave and shifting dullness Correct Answer-Sound heard when
percussing over an abdomen with ascites?
Umbilical Hernia Correct Answer-most commonly seen in children- it
appears a 2-3 weeks and is especially prominent when the infant cries.
The hernia reaches maximum size at 1 month (up to 2.5 cm or 1 inch)
and usually disappears by 1 year.
Rebound Tenderness Correct Answer-pain on release of pressure; seen
with appendicitis, gallstones, or cholecystitis; normal negative response
is no pain on release of pressure; perform at the end of exam because it
can cause intense pain and muscle rigidity
Aortic Aneurysm Correct Answer-aorta has distended and has enlarged
to the point of rupturing; contributing factor is hypertension; bulging
pulsating mass >5 cm
Liver Span Correct Answer-Measure height of liver in the right MCL
and begin percussing in the area of lung resonance and move down the
interspaces until the sound changes to a dull quality -- mark the spot
(usually in 5th intercostal space). Then, find abdominal tympany and
percuss up in the MCL. Mark where the sound changes from tympany to
a dull sound, normally at the right costal margin; Measure distance
between two marks; Normal size is 6-12 cm
