Lab techniques part 1 readings

yeast properties - answerrapid growth, dispersed cells, ease of replica plating, mutant isolation, and DNA transformation isolating recessive strains - answermutations isolated in haploid strains with complementation tests carried out in diploid strains yeast transformation - answerutilizes synthetic oligonucleotides YACs - answerused to clone large fragments of DNA Saccharomyces - answeryeast with no true wild-type strain S288C - answercontains defective HAP1 gene and incompatible for mitochondrial systems and does not form psuedohyae psuedohyae - answersynchronously dividing elongated yeast cells expressed as branched chains growing outward from the center of the colony and invasive growth under surface of agar medium usually observed w S. cerevisiae on agar medium limiting Nitrogen D273-10B - answerused as typical yeast for mitochondrial studies budding - answerdaughter initiated as an outgrowth from mother cell, then nuclear division, cell wall formation, and lastly cell separation diploid cell size - answer5 x 6 um ellipsoid haploid cell sizr - answer4um diameter mother cells - answerform no more than 20-30 daughters age determined by scars on cell wall haploid budding - answerhappens adjacent to previous cell diploid budding - answerbuds appear at opposite poles haploid growth optimal temp - answer30 degrees celsius strain maximum density in YPD medium - answer2 x 10^8 sporulation - answerdiploid cells undergo meiosis --> 4 progeny haploid that become encapsulated as spores ascus - answersac-like structure surrounding spores S. cerevisiae chromosomes - answerhaploid set of 16 chromosomes yeast tRNA genes - answer262 tRNA genes with 80 introns p^o mutants - answerlack mitochondrial DNA and deficient in respiratory polypeptides for mitochondrial ribosomes nib1 - answercauses reduction in growth of cir+ strains L-A encodes - answermajor coat protein and components for viral replication auxotrophic marker - answerarg2 delta - answerindicates complete or partial deletion :: - answerinsertion of genes R superscript - answerresistance of genes S superscript - answerSensitivity of genes o - answerUAA ochre suppressors a - answerUAG amber suppressors capital letters - answerindicate DNA segments Nfs - answernonfermentable media (lack of growth indicates nuclear or mitochondrial mutations 'pet' symbol - answernuclear mutation indication auxotrophic - answermutant requiring nutrient that the wild-type does not require Yfg- your favorite gene mutant analyzation - answercomplementation, meiotic analyzation, and molecular cloning complementation process - answercrossing Yfg-MATa mutant to MAT(a)yfg1, MAT(a)yfg2 meiotic analysis of yeast - answerused to determine order and distances between genes of organisms single meiotic event produces - answer4 spores in an ascus tetrad analysis - answerobserves mutation alteration at single locus, making strains with new markers, and observing gene interaction tetrad classes - answerPD (parental ditype) NPD (non-parental ditype) T (tetratype) if PD > NPD--> 2 genes are linked YEp plasmids - answerRelatively unstable F