BISC 131 exam 3 terms questions and
answers
Apoptosis - Answer -programmed cell death
Diploid - Answer -a cell, nucleus, or organism containing two sets of chromosomes (2n)
Genome - Answer -total genetic information of a cell or organism
Haploid - Answer -a cell, nucleus, or organism containing one set of chromosomes (n)
Histone - Answer -one of several similar, highly conserved, low molecular weight, basic
proteins found in the chromatin of all eukaryotic cells; associates with DNA to form
nucleosomes
Nucleosome - Answer -subunit of chromatin composed of a short length of DNA
wrapped around a core of histone proteins
Oncogene - Answer -mutated version of a normal gene involved in the positive
regulation of the cell cycle
Proto-oncogene - Answer -normal gene that when mutated becomes an oncogene
Septum - Answer -a structure formed in a bacterial cell as a precursor to the separation
of the cell into two daughter cells
Sister chromatids - Answer -two connected identical copies of a chromosome
Crossover - Answer -exchange of genetic material between nonsister chromatids
resulting in chromosomes that incorporate genes from both parents of the organism
Synapsis - Answer -formation of a close association between homologous
chromosomes during prophase I
Tetrad - Answer -two duplicated homologous chromosomes (four chromatids) bound
together during prophase I
Allele - Answer -gene variations that arise by mutation and exist at the same relative
locations on homologous chromosomes
answers
Apoptosis - Answer -programmed cell death
Diploid - Answer -a cell, nucleus, or organism containing two sets of chromosomes (2n)
Genome - Answer -total genetic information of a cell or organism
Haploid - Answer -a cell, nucleus, or organism containing one set of chromosomes (n)
Histone - Answer -one of several similar, highly conserved, low molecular weight, basic
proteins found in the chromatin of all eukaryotic cells; associates with DNA to form
nucleosomes
Nucleosome - Answer -subunit of chromatin composed of a short length of DNA
wrapped around a core of histone proteins
Oncogene - Answer -mutated version of a normal gene involved in the positive
regulation of the cell cycle
Proto-oncogene - Answer -normal gene that when mutated becomes an oncogene
Septum - Answer -a structure formed in a bacterial cell as a precursor to the separation
of the cell into two daughter cells
Sister chromatids - Answer -two connected identical copies of a chromosome
Crossover - Answer -exchange of genetic material between nonsister chromatids
resulting in chromosomes that incorporate genes from both parents of the organism
Synapsis - Answer -formation of a close association between homologous
chromosomes during prophase I
Tetrad - Answer -two duplicated homologous chromosomes (four chromatids) bound
together during prophase I
Allele - Answer -gene variations that arise by mutation and exist at the same relative
locations on homologous chromosomes
