Straighterline Intro to Biology 101 Chapter 3 (solved).

Cell smallest unit of life Atom smallest unit of an element Molecule union of two or more atoms Tissue group of cells with a common structure and function Organ composed of tissue functioning together for a specific task Organ system composed of several organs working together Organism an individual Population organisms of the same species in a particular area Community interacting populations in a particular area Ecosystem a community plus the physical environment Biosphere regions of the Earth's crust, waters, and atmosphere inhabited by living organisms Energy the capacity to do work Metabolism all of the chemical reactions that occur in a cell Sun ultimate source of energy for nearly all life on Earth Photosynthesis process that transforms solar energy into the chemical energy of organic nutrient molecules Reproduction to make another organism like itself Genes genetic instructions DNA deoxyribonucleic acid - provides instructions for organization and metabolism Mutations Inheritable changes in the genetic information Provides important source of variation Behavior movement of an organism - self directed or responding to stimulus - largely directed toward minimizing injury, acquiring food, reproducing Cell Wall (composition) contains polysaccharides Cell Wall (function) Support and protection Plasma Membrane (composition) phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins Plasma Membrane (function) defines cell boundary; regulates molecule passage into and out of cells Nucleus (composition) nuclear envelope, nucleoplasm, chromatin, and nucleoli Nucleus (function) storage of genetic information; synthesis of DNA and RNA Nucleoli (composition) concentrated area of chromatin, RNA, proteins Nucleoli (function) Ribosomal subunit formation Ribosomes (composition) protein and RNA in two subunits Ribosomes (function) Protein synthesis Rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) (composition) network of folded membranes studded with ribosomes Rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) (function) Folding, modification, transport of protein for export or associated with membranes Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) (composition) network of folded membranes having NO ribosomes Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) (function) Lipid and carbohydrate synthesis in some cells; detoxification of chemicals Golgi apparatus (composition) Stack of membranous sacs Golgi apparatus (function) Processing, packaging, and distribution of proteins and lipids