TELUS EXAM 2024-2025
type: ANSWER only count the term in use once.
Tokens - ANSWER counts every time a word occurs.
phonological - Answer Each phoneme is regarded to consist of a set of these
features and differs in at least one feature from the other phonemes.
/i:/ +high, -low, back, -round
/u:/ +high, -low, +back, and +round
where the attributes + or - high, = or _ low, + or - back refer to the position of the
tongue in the mouth and + or - round to whether the lips are rounded or not.
Also interested in:
a) the study of word-to-word relations in sentences, that is, how the combination of
words affects sound patterns.
c) The study of intonation patterns
ANSWER (1) Orthography is the practice or study of accurate spelling per
established usage.
(2) The study of letters and how they are used to express sounds and construct
words. Adjective: orthographic, orthographical.
'The science of spelling with the eyes rather than the ears. - Ambrose Bierce, The
Devil's Dictionary (1911).
lexical unit - ANSWER form pointing to or referring to
Something from the outside world
,Two kinds of words: ANSWER content and function.
See typologies in Granger for more reading.
Homonymy is a relationship between words with the same form (sound or spelling)
but different meanings that cannot be connected.
*Unlike polysemy, meanings cannot be related.
Tail & Tale
Bow your head and tie a bow.
Lay down and don't lie.
polysemy - answer one word has two or more closely related meanings.
Foot of the bed, wounded his foot (both signify lower section).
Morphology is the study of how the forms of words change.
A morpheme is the smallest meaningful unit in a language or the smallest part of a
word with independent meaning.
cannot be split without affecting or diminishing their meaning.
Example: kind.
ANSWER is a free morpheme; it cannot be broken into smaller components.
tied morpheme: ANSWER Cannot stand alone as a word.
-s
, -ous
im-
re-
Allomorph - ANSWER [W]When we come across a collection of various morphs,
all variations of the same morpheme, we can use the prefix allo- (= one of a closely
related set) to describe them as allomorphs of that morpheme.
Derivational affix - ANSWER Derivational morphemes change the grammatical
categories of words. For example, the derivational morpheme -er transforms the
verb bake into the noun baker. The morpheme -ly converts the adjective swift to the
adverb quick. We can use the derivational morpheme -ness to convert adjectives
like happy into nouns like ashappiness. Other prevalent suffixes are -ism, -tion,
-able, -ment, and -al. Prefixes such as un-, in-, pre-, and a- are also examples of
derived morphemes.
-adds meaning to the stem and modifies the word, such as a noun to an adjective.
Inflectional affix - ANSWER Inflectional morphemes function as grammatical
markers for tense, number, possession, and comparison. In English, inflectional
morphemes include the suffixes -s (or -es);'s (or s'); -ed; -en; -er; -est; and -ing. An
inflectional morpheme cannot modify the meaning or grammatical class of the
words it is attached to, and all such phrases will have a predictable meaning.
attach - ANSWER a letter or sound added to a word that alters its meaning or
function.
Prefix- the beginning of a word.
A suffix is the end of a word (root).
type: ANSWER only count the term in use once.
Tokens - ANSWER counts every time a word occurs.
phonological - Answer Each phoneme is regarded to consist of a set of these
features and differs in at least one feature from the other phonemes.
/i:/ +high, -low, back, -round
/u:/ +high, -low, +back, and +round
where the attributes + or - high, = or _ low, + or - back refer to the position of the
tongue in the mouth and + or - round to whether the lips are rounded or not.
Also interested in:
a) the study of word-to-word relations in sentences, that is, how the combination of
words affects sound patterns.
c) The study of intonation patterns
ANSWER (1) Orthography is the practice or study of accurate spelling per
established usage.
(2) The study of letters and how they are used to express sounds and construct
words. Adjective: orthographic, orthographical.
'The science of spelling with the eyes rather than the ears. - Ambrose Bierce, The
Devil's Dictionary (1911).
lexical unit - ANSWER form pointing to or referring to
Something from the outside world
,Two kinds of words: ANSWER content and function.
See typologies in Granger for more reading.
Homonymy is a relationship between words with the same form (sound or spelling)
but different meanings that cannot be connected.
*Unlike polysemy, meanings cannot be related.
Tail & Tale
Bow your head and tie a bow.
Lay down and don't lie.
polysemy - answer one word has two or more closely related meanings.
Foot of the bed, wounded his foot (both signify lower section).
Morphology is the study of how the forms of words change.
A morpheme is the smallest meaningful unit in a language or the smallest part of a
word with independent meaning.
cannot be split without affecting or diminishing their meaning.
Example: kind.
ANSWER is a free morpheme; it cannot be broken into smaller components.
tied morpheme: ANSWER Cannot stand alone as a word.
-s
, -ous
im-
re-
Allomorph - ANSWER [W]When we come across a collection of various morphs,
all variations of the same morpheme, we can use the prefix allo- (= one of a closely
related set) to describe them as allomorphs of that morpheme.
Derivational affix - ANSWER Derivational morphemes change the grammatical
categories of words. For example, the derivational morpheme -er transforms the
verb bake into the noun baker. The morpheme -ly converts the adjective swift to the
adverb quick. We can use the derivational morpheme -ness to convert adjectives
like happy into nouns like ashappiness. Other prevalent suffixes are -ism, -tion,
-able, -ment, and -al. Prefixes such as un-, in-, pre-, and a- are also examples of
derived morphemes.
-adds meaning to the stem and modifies the word, such as a noun to an adjective.
Inflectional affix - ANSWER Inflectional morphemes function as grammatical
markers for tense, number, possession, and comparison. In English, inflectional
morphemes include the suffixes -s (or -es);'s (or s'); -ed; -en; -er; -est; and -ing. An
inflectional morpheme cannot modify the meaning or grammatical class of the
words it is attached to, and all such phrases will have a predictable meaning.
attach - ANSWER a letter or sound added to a word that alters its meaning or
function.
Prefix- the beginning of a word.
A suffix is the end of a word (root).
