CEN Review A Exam Study Questions And Answers Graded A 2024

Interosseus sites for peds - sternum, distal femur, proximal tibia ( common), Medial malleolus, iliac crest common risk factor for bowel obstruction - abdominal surgery Cushing's response - TRIAD:indicates impending herniation. Elevated BP, widening pulse pressure, bradycardia Head bleed most often due to trauma - Sub-arachnoid "worst headache of my life" - intracranial bleed venous type head bleed - Subdural: gradual onset Epidural headbleed - arterial, sudden onset Graves disease - Excessive throid hormone: TSH low, T4 high Graves disease treatment - PTU, beta blockers, Potassium iodide, anti-thyroids CLuster headaches: S&S, TX - no aura, male, unilateral, 1-8 per day, lasts around 1 hr. Beck's triad - indicates cardiac tamponade: JVD,decreasing BP, muffled heart sounds Pheochromocytoma - tum,or in adrenal gland Pericardiocentesis: when and how - ◦Insert the needle through the subxiphoid approach on the left side under fluoroscopy. Advance the needle and syringe until the needle tip is posterior to the rib cage. The needle should be advanced toward the shoulder at an angle 15-20° from the abdominal wall. While advancing the needle toward the pericardial space, aspirate the syringe and inject lidocaine for a better analgesic effect. Continue to advance the needle until fluid is aspirated in the syringe or the ECG monitor shows ST elevation How to make Dx of PID - CHandalier sign Fitz-Hugh-Curtis Syndrome - COntinuing pelvic pain secondary to PID S&S aortic aneurysm - widened mediastinum, decrease pulse quality, diff. in BP's Aortic dissection - ripping or tearing pain into back, loss of pulses, hypoperfusion Cardiogenic shock - "Pump failiure" lungs crackles, pale, clammy, hypotension, tachcardia Cardiogenic shock TX - Dec. preload: MS, NTG,Lasix, NiprideRSI and vent., Drugs that decrease pre-load - Morphine, lasix, nipride, NTG Drugs that decrease afterload - Vasodilators, nipride, Ace inhibitors, High dose NTG, Hydralazione Drugs that increse afterload - Vasoconstrictors, Norepi, Epi Drugs that increase contractility - Inotrope, Dopamine, Dobutamine, Inocor PEA causes: H's - Hypothermia, hypovolemia, hyperkalemia,hypoxia,hydrogen ion acidosis PEA Causes T's - Toxins, Tamponade,Tension pneumo, Thrombus(coronary), thrombus ( pulmonary), Trauma Kernig's sign - Meningitis test: flex the knee and head comes up Brudzinski's sign - Meningitis test: flex the neck and legs go up Hyperkalemia - Above 5.5, cardiac effects, asystole, tx: d50, peaked T waves Hypokalemia - Less than 3.5, causes v&d, EKG:sagging s-t, T wave depression, PACs, PVCs, Blocks