UWSA 1 and COMSAE 106(questions and answers)

Obstructive Spirometry Results - decreased FEV1/FVC (<70%) - Inc TLC Restrictive Spirometry Results - increased/normal FEV1/FVC - Dec TLC Bullous pemphigoid - prodrome of pruritic rash - followed by tense bullae - no oral mucosa involvement phemigus vulgaris - painful, flaccid blisters - oral mucosa involvement temporal lobe epilepsy - focal seizure with impaired awareness - automatisms (lip smacking) CKD with secondary hyperparathyroidism - low Ca, high Phos - dec calcitriol (vit D) - parathyroid gland hyperplasia - renal osteodystrophy Overflow incontinence treatment cholinergic agonist (Bethanecol) overflow incontinence moa detrusor underactivity urge incontinence moa detrusor hyperactivity urge incontinence tx bladder training (kegels) muscarinic antagonist (oxybutynin) beta adrenergic agonist (mirabegron) septic shock causes... - hypermetabolic state --> lactic acid build up -->metabolic acidosis myocarditis can develop into... dilated cardiomyopathy Acute iron poisoning hematemesis (GI bleed) diarrhea abdominal pain prognostic factor for astrocytoma - tumor grade - aka degree of anaplasia CML - BCR-ABL - neutrophil predominance - Imatinib targets BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase CLL - lymphocytic predominance - smudge cells - Rituximab targets CD20 Ag on B lymphocytes Bacteremia in sickle cell patients strep pneumo Enterococcus abx coverage ampicillin - GU/GI tract viridans strep abx coverage amoxicillin staph abx coverage vancomycin midshaft humeral fracture injure... - radial nerve - runs in the spiral groove Rett syndrome gene MECP2 Motor stereotypes - repetitive motor movements such as hand flapping - seen in Fragile X (CGG repeat) Ziprasidone side effects prolong QT interval - second gen antipsychotic Lennox-Gastaut syndrome Manifests between ages 2-8 yrs, triad of: 1. Mental retardation 2. Diffuse slow spike and wave pattern on EEG 3. Multiple types of generalized seizures -Pts. commonly have status epilepticus Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy Myoclonic jerks of shoulders and arms that usually occur after awakening - can be triggered by sleep deprivation -Typical age of onset: 12-18 y.o. -Requires lifelong Tx w/AEDs (esp. levetiracetam) nitrates for MI treatment - venodilation- dilate venous system - decrease preload --> decrease ventricular wall stress Intestinal malrotation with midgut volvulus - arrest of normal embryonic gut rotation - narrow mesenteric base Listeria abx coverage ampicillin gullian-barre syndrome csf elevated protein normal leukocyte count spinal epidural abscess treatment - vanc and ceftriaxone - aspiration + surgical debridement myelodysplastic syndrome peripheral blood smear - oval macrocytes - hyposegmented/hypogranulated neutrophils Hereditary spherocytosis at increased risk for... pigment gallstones d/t hemolysis Kawasaki disease (treatment) IVIG, high-dose aspirin Age related cataracts clinical features - loss of red reflex - see halos around bright lights - glare (difficulty with night driving) - myopic shift (nearsightedness becomes worse) - loss of visual acuity glaucoma clinical features - increased optic cup/disc ratio (cupping) - loss of peripheral vision dysuria with sterile pyuria (in WBC) expect... C. trachomatis urethritis - can lead to infertility d/t scarring of fallopian tubes tocolytic <32w Indomethacin - COX inhibitor tocolytic 32-34w Nifedipine - CCB Terbutaline - short term tocolytic - beta- agonist - used for uterine tachysystole during term labor sotalol AE QT prolongation --> torsades Hemophilia treatment Desmopressin (DDAVP) Replacement therapy for factor VIII/IX/XI Diabetes insipidus treatment Desmopressin (central, dec ADH) Von Willebrand Disease treatment desmopressin (releases vWF stored in endothelium) SIADH treatment Fluid restriction, IV hypertonic saline, diuretics, salt tablets, conivaptan/tolvaptan, demeclocycline meningitis in >60 s pneumo Gram (-) rods listeria Meningitis, 0-6 months. Group B strep E. coli Listeria Retropharyngeal abscess group A beta-hemolytic strep s. pyogenes chlamydia and gonorrhea tx during pregnancy Azithromycin ceftriaxone BV and trich treatment during pregnancy metronidazole UTI treatment in pregnancy Nitrofurantoin Amoxicillin Amoxicillin / Clavulanic acid Cefalexin social security qualification results in the inability to do any substantial gainful activity Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome Wilm's tumor AND neonatal hypoglycemia, muscular hemihypertrophy, macroglossia, organomegaly Treacher Collins Syndrome 1st arch neural crest fails to migrate -Mandibular hypoplasia -Facial abnormalities Pierre Robin Sequence micrognathia, glossoptosis (downward displacement of tongue), cleft palate, airway obstruction 2 Month Vaccines HepB-2 RV-1 DTaP-1 Hib-1 PCV-1 IPV-1 4 Month Vaccines RV-2 DTap-2 Hib-2 PCV-2