FTCE Reading K-12-.pdf file:///C:/Users/HP/Desktop/eewwww/FTCE%20Reading%20K-12-
FTCE Reading K-12
1. Ability Grouping
ANS Grouping of children with similar needs for instructional pur- poses.They do not remain
constant throughout the year but change as the children's needs within them change.
2. Phoneme
ANS The smallest unit of speech that can be used to make one word different from
another word.
3. Independent Reading Level
ANS The level at which a student can read a text on his/her own as indicated by a 95%
accuracy rate.
4. Grapheme
ANS Unit of writing that represents a single phoneme-can be a letter or group of letters.
5. Morpheme
ANS Smallest meaningful unit in the grammar of language (e.g., in, come,
-ing, forming incoming ).
6. Instructional Level
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,FTCE Reading K-12-.pdf file:///C:/Users/HP/Desktop/eewwww/FTCE%20Reading%20K-12-
ANS The level at which students can read with the assistace of a teacher as indicated by an 85-
95% accuracy rate.
7. Action Research
ANS Teacher research that is carried out by a teacher practitioner in the classroom to help a
teacher evaluate his/her performance in the classroom
8. Frustration Level
ANS The level at which students shouldn't read and indicates an accuracy rate below 85%.
9. Adams, Marilyn Jager
ANS A theorist in early reading (emergent reading) who has identified five tasks for phonemic
awareness
Task 1- Ability to hear rhymes and alliteration. Task 2- Ability to do oddity tasks (recognize the
member of a set that is different.) Task 3 -The ability to orally blend words and split syllables.
Task 4 -The ability to orally segment word. Task 5- The ability to do phonics manipulation tasks.
10. Allington, Richard
ANS Matching Text to Readers. Research has included reading and learning disabilities, and
effective instruction in classroom settings.
11. Alliteration
ANS Occurs when words begin with the same consonant sound, as in Peter Piper picked a peck
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,FTCE Reading K-12-.pdf file:///C:/Users/HP/Desktop/eewwww/FTCE%20Reading%20K-12-
of pickled peppers.
12. Alphabetic Principle
ANS The idea that written spellings represent spoken words. Also known as graphophenemic
awareness.
13. Anchor Book
ANS A balanced literacy term for a book that is purposely read repeatedly and used as part of
both the reading and writing workshop. It is a good idea to use certain books that become the
children's familiar and cherished favorites for both reading and inspiring children's writing.
14. Assonance
ANS Repetition of stressed vowel sounds within words with different end consonants. "Fleet feet
sweep by sleeping geese".
15. Atwell, Nancy
ANS Author of "In The Middle
Writing, Reading and Learning With Adolescents". She believes that students become better
writers if they are given ownership of what they are writing and long uninterrupted blocks of
time to write. Rejects lectures, assignments, tests and worksheets. Mini-lessons are good to
address topics as needed.
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,FTCE Reading K-12-.pdf file:///C:/Users/HP/Desktop/eewwww/FTCE%20Reading%20K-12-
16. Authentic Assessment
ANS Assessment activities that reflect the actual work- place, family, community, and
school curriculum.
17. Balanced Literacy Lesson Format
ANS A format for the delivery of a literacy lesson, whether it is a reading or writing-
workshop lesson. The format begins with a 10-15 minute mini-lesson delivered by the teacher
to the whole class. This
mini-lesson is then followed by a thirty-minute small-group lesson (the children break into small
groups to work). It concludes with a 10-minute share session during which the whole class
reconvenes to share what they have done in the small groups. This format is often referred to as
the whole-small-whole group approach.
18. Behaviorism
ANS Learning is the acquisition of new behavior through conditioning.
Three basic assumptions are held to be true. First, learning is manifested by
a change in behavior. Second, the environment shapes behavior. And third, the principles of
contiguity (how close in time two events must be for a bond to be formed) and reinforcement
(any means of increasing the likelihood that an event will be repeated) are central to explaining
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FTCE Reading K-12
1. Ability Grouping
ANS Grouping of children with similar needs for instructional pur- poses.They do not remain
constant throughout the year but change as the children's needs within them change.
2. Phoneme
ANS The smallest unit of speech that can be used to make one word different from
another word.
3. Independent Reading Level
ANS The level at which a student can read a text on his/her own as indicated by a 95%
accuracy rate.
4. Grapheme
ANS Unit of writing that represents a single phoneme-can be a letter or group of letters.
5. Morpheme
ANS Smallest meaningful unit in the grammar of language (e.g., in, come,
-ing, forming incoming ).
6. Instructional Level
1 of 44 8/2/2024, 4:23
,FTCE Reading K-12-.pdf file:///C:/Users/HP/Desktop/eewwww/FTCE%20Reading%20K-12-
ANS The level at which students can read with the assistace of a teacher as indicated by an 85-
95% accuracy rate.
7. Action Research
ANS Teacher research that is carried out by a teacher practitioner in the classroom to help a
teacher evaluate his/her performance in the classroom
8. Frustration Level
ANS The level at which students shouldn't read and indicates an accuracy rate below 85%.
9. Adams, Marilyn Jager
ANS A theorist in early reading (emergent reading) who has identified five tasks for phonemic
awareness
Task 1- Ability to hear rhymes and alliteration. Task 2- Ability to do oddity tasks (recognize the
member of a set that is different.) Task 3 -The ability to orally blend words and split syllables.
Task 4 -The ability to orally segment word. Task 5- The ability to do phonics manipulation tasks.
10. Allington, Richard
ANS Matching Text to Readers. Research has included reading and learning disabilities, and
effective instruction in classroom settings.
11. Alliteration
ANS Occurs when words begin with the same consonant sound, as in Peter Piper picked a peck
2 of 44 8/2/2024, 4:23
,FTCE Reading K-12-.pdf file:///C:/Users/HP/Desktop/eewwww/FTCE%20Reading%20K-12-
of pickled peppers.
12. Alphabetic Principle
ANS The idea that written spellings represent spoken words. Also known as graphophenemic
awareness.
13. Anchor Book
ANS A balanced literacy term for a book that is purposely read repeatedly and used as part of
both the reading and writing workshop. It is a good idea to use certain books that become the
children's familiar and cherished favorites for both reading and inspiring children's writing.
14. Assonance
ANS Repetition of stressed vowel sounds within words with different end consonants. "Fleet feet
sweep by sleeping geese".
15. Atwell, Nancy
ANS Author of "In The Middle
Writing, Reading and Learning With Adolescents". She believes that students become better
writers if they are given ownership of what they are writing and long uninterrupted blocks of
time to write. Rejects lectures, assignments, tests and worksheets. Mini-lessons are good to
address topics as needed.
3 of 44 8/2/2024, 4:23
,FTCE Reading K-12-.pdf file:///C:/Users/HP/Desktop/eewwww/FTCE%20Reading%20K-12-
16. Authentic Assessment
ANS Assessment activities that reflect the actual work- place, family, community, and
school curriculum.
17. Balanced Literacy Lesson Format
ANS A format for the delivery of a literacy lesson, whether it is a reading or writing-
workshop lesson. The format begins with a 10-15 minute mini-lesson delivered by the teacher
to the whole class. This
mini-lesson is then followed by a thirty-minute small-group lesson (the children break into small
groups to work). It concludes with a 10-minute share session during which the whole class
reconvenes to share what they have done in the small groups. This format is often referred to as
the whole-small-whole group approach.
18. Behaviorism
ANS Learning is the acquisition of new behavior through conditioning.
Three basic assumptions are held to be true. First, learning is manifested by
a change in behavior. Second, the environment shapes behavior. And third, the principles of
contiguity (how close in time two events must be for a bond to be formed) and reinforcement
(any means of increasing the likelihood that an event will be repeated) are central to explaining
4 of 44 8/2/2024, 4:23
