SOCIOLOGY TEST 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH SOLUTIONS 2024

SOCIOLOGY TEST 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH SOLUTION S 2024 What is Sociology? - ANSWER Sociology is the study of behavior and human groups. Sociology focuses on social relationship attitudes behavior and how societies are established. Sociology is the science of society. Define the sociological imagination. - ANSWER C. Wright Mills in 1959.The awareness of relation between individual and wider society, instead of using bias or personal experiences. Sociological imagination also is the ability to see the impact of social fo rces on our private lives. Who were the three early thinkers in the early development of sociology? - ANSWER Aguste Compte - considered found of sociology. Early 1800 theoretical science of society and systematic investigation of behavior were needed to improve society. He thought so ciology was queen of science. Hariet Martineau (1820 to 1876). She was known for her study of religion, politics, child rearing, and immigration in England and the United States. Herbert Spencer (1820 -1903) - Sociologist, who focused on understanding socio logy. He drew research from Charles Darwin. He applied concept of evolution of the species to society. How they developed over time. He coined "survival of the fittest". Who were the three 19th century thinkers and briefly describer their main contributions. - ANSWER Emile Durkheim (1828 -1917) First Sociology Professor in France. (Crime punishment, religion) He believed behavior must be understood within the larger context (Sociological imagination). Emile also believes suicide is related to group life even though it is a solo act. Single men have much high rate than married men. Increase suicide during times of peace than during war. Suicide rates reflect group integration . Max Weber (1864 -1920) (sounds like Veber) - Born in Germany. Known for his teaching "Verstehen" (meaning Understand). Believed we need to learn to subjective meaning people attach their actions. He also came up with the "Ideal Tool" a made up model like measuring tools which is used to evaluate actual cases. Karl Marx - is not a sociologist. (in Germany) All of the work he did and studies on was social class. Unable to obtain a formal education. 1847 Marx and Ingles had meeting called the communist league. He wrote the communist manifesto. He was a reformist. He was also exiled because of the communist manifesto. He thought capitalism was the root of all evil. List and define the 3 theoretical perspectives in sociology - ANSWER • Structural Functionalism (Macro) - view society as a living organism. Each part contributes as a whole. Talcott Parsons was a key figure. The problem with this theory is if they cannot explain why something stayed around for example incest. Family contributes to society because we would have to reproduce. • Conflict Theory (Marco) - Society in a state of perpetual conflict and competition for limited resources (money, power). Karl Marx is the father of Conflict Theory. See the world in continual struggle. In the 60's in Vietnam, civil rights, feminism abortion became popular. How social institutions help maintain privilege of some but keeps others in subordinate positions. • Symbolic interactionism (micro) - Theory focus on everyday form on communication. Gestures, symbols, and speech are some examples. George Herber Mead was the founded and looks at how human behavior was influenced by the larger social context. What is a Micro theory? - ANSWER which best fit the study of small groups and their members What is a Macro Theory? - ANSWER Which best fit the study of massive numbers of people Who is associated with symbolic interactionism? - ANSWER George Herbert Mead Charles Horton Cooley Erving Goffman Who is associated with conflict theory? - ANSWER • Karl Marx • W. E. B. Du Bois • C. Wright Mills Who is associated with functionalism? - ANSWER • Talcott Parsons • Emile Durkheim • Robert Merton List the five steps in the Scientific Method. - ANSWER • 1. Defining the Problem: take the topic and break it down. • 2. Review the literature: review academic literature, academic journal article, dissertations, and master thesis. • 3. Formulate a Hypothesis: Speculative statement with two or more variables; includes dependent and independent variables. • 4. Select research design: detailed plans or methods to collect data.