Sergeant Exam NFLST
14th amendment - correct answer ✔✔due process of law
Arrest - correct answer ✔✔intention, authority, custody
Arrest warrant - correct answer ✔✔1. Name of the state
2. Who will execute the warrant (normally any peace officer of that state)
3. Person who will be arrested
4. Offense Committed
5. Date, time, place of occurrence
6. Name of victim
7. Description of Offense
Mapp v. Ohio - correct answer ✔✔Established the exclusionary rule was applicable to the states (evidence seized illegally cannot be used in court)
Search Warrant Exceptions - correct answer ✔✔Consent, warrant, exigency, vehicle inventory, incident to arrest, motor vehicle, plain view
Chimel v. California (1969) - correct answer ✔✔search is valid of a person and area under him immediate
control form which he could produce a weapon or destroy evidence
Carroll v. U.S. (1925) - correct answer ✔✔movable vehicle rule
Arizona v. Gant (2009) - correct answer ✔✔can search a vehicle when reasonable to believe will find evidence of the offense. Only in passenger compartment.
inductive reasoning - correct answer ✔✔factual and logical explanation of the crime deductive reasoning - correct answer ✔✔hypothesis
neighborhood canvas - correct answer ✔✔helpful in about 20% of investigations
vehicle canvas - correct answer ✔✔get description, location, plate of vehicles in the area with description of anything suspicious ie blood, bullet holes, possible evidence.
Primary v. secondary scenes - correct answer ✔✔primary is where first criminal act occurred, secondary scenes are where all subsequent scenes occurred.
Evidence in "open view" - correct answer ✔✔processed before other items/bodies to make sure no undue damage is done to families by media or common talk.
3 kinds of evidence - correct answer ✔✔Corpus delicti evidence - evidence that is needed to prove the commission of the crime Associative - connects the suspect to the scene or victim/ or connects the scene or victim to the suspect Tracing - identification and location of the suspect such as a discarded ID at the scene.
Crime scene patterns (patterns or techniques used to search an area after the boundary has been determined - correct answer ✔✔Spiral, Grid, Strip/line, Quadrant/ or Zone, Pie/wheel
Digital photography (far/medium/close) - correct answer ✔✔Orientation - far, Relationship - medium, Identification - close, Comparison - close of evidence
Class characteristics - correct answer ✔✔not completely original, like the print of a Nike shoe
Individual characteristics - correct answer ✔✔fingerprints/footprints, etc. Residue prints - correct answer ✔✔prints left on a hard surface from a foot, shoe, or tire.
Impressions - correct answer ✔✔prints left in something moldable like clay, dirt, snow, etc.
Plastic prints - correct answer ✔✔prints left in something "tacky" like silly putty, fatty foods, caulking
Patent/contaminated/visible - correct answer ✔✔fingers contaminated with an oily substance touch a clean surface
Latent/invisible - correct answer ✔✔unseen or hidden prints that are developed to expose them
Forensic ondontology - correct answer ✔✔intersection of dentistry and criminal law, i.e. bite mark analysis and identification.
Signature - correct answer ✔✔The striations on a bullet after passing through the bore of the barrel of a rifle or pistol
Touch DNA - correct answer ✔✔small amounts of DNA evidence left from suspect skin shavings after touching something.
Handwriting samples - correct answer ✔✔15 to 20 samples should be collected from suspects
Objective of interrogation: (importance goes up as the difficulty goes up) - correct answer ✔✔Obtain valuable facts, Eliminate the innocent, Identify the guilty, Obtain a confession
Proximity - correct answer ✔✔distance between you and subject during interview (optimal proximity 27 in. for middle class white males)
Expectancy - correct answer ✔✔Bias when witness is not completely positive of an answer. They'll give an answer they would expect, or assume.
14th amendment - correct answer ✔✔due process of law
Arrest - correct answer ✔✔intention, authority, custody
Arrest warrant - correct answer ✔✔1. Name of the state
2. Who will execute the warrant (normally any peace officer of that state)
3. Person who will be arrested
4. Offense Committed
5. Date, time, place of occurrence
6. Name of victim
7. Description of Offense
Mapp v. Ohio - correct answer ✔✔Established the exclusionary rule was applicable to the states (evidence seized illegally cannot be used in court)
Search Warrant Exceptions - correct answer ✔✔Consent, warrant, exigency, vehicle inventory, incident to arrest, motor vehicle, plain view
Chimel v. California (1969) - correct answer ✔✔search is valid of a person and area under him immediate
control form which he could produce a weapon or destroy evidence
Carroll v. U.S. (1925) - correct answer ✔✔movable vehicle rule
Arizona v. Gant (2009) - correct answer ✔✔can search a vehicle when reasonable to believe will find evidence of the offense. Only in passenger compartment.
inductive reasoning - correct answer ✔✔factual and logical explanation of the crime deductive reasoning - correct answer ✔✔hypothesis
neighborhood canvas - correct answer ✔✔helpful in about 20% of investigations
vehicle canvas - correct answer ✔✔get description, location, plate of vehicles in the area with description of anything suspicious ie blood, bullet holes, possible evidence.
Primary v. secondary scenes - correct answer ✔✔primary is where first criminal act occurred, secondary scenes are where all subsequent scenes occurred.
Evidence in "open view" - correct answer ✔✔processed before other items/bodies to make sure no undue damage is done to families by media or common talk.
3 kinds of evidence - correct answer ✔✔Corpus delicti evidence - evidence that is needed to prove the commission of the crime Associative - connects the suspect to the scene or victim/ or connects the scene or victim to the suspect Tracing - identification and location of the suspect such as a discarded ID at the scene.
Crime scene patterns (patterns or techniques used to search an area after the boundary has been determined - correct answer ✔✔Spiral, Grid, Strip/line, Quadrant/ or Zone, Pie/wheel
Digital photography (far/medium/close) - correct answer ✔✔Orientation - far, Relationship - medium, Identification - close, Comparison - close of evidence
Class characteristics - correct answer ✔✔not completely original, like the print of a Nike shoe
Individual characteristics - correct answer ✔✔fingerprints/footprints, etc. Residue prints - correct answer ✔✔prints left on a hard surface from a foot, shoe, or tire.
Impressions - correct answer ✔✔prints left in something moldable like clay, dirt, snow, etc.
Plastic prints - correct answer ✔✔prints left in something "tacky" like silly putty, fatty foods, caulking
Patent/contaminated/visible - correct answer ✔✔fingers contaminated with an oily substance touch a clean surface
Latent/invisible - correct answer ✔✔unseen or hidden prints that are developed to expose them
Forensic ondontology - correct answer ✔✔intersection of dentistry and criminal law, i.e. bite mark analysis and identification.
Signature - correct answer ✔✔The striations on a bullet after passing through the bore of the barrel of a rifle or pistol
Touch DNA - correct answer ✔✔small amounts of DNA evidence left from suspect skin shavings after touching something.
Handwriting samples - correct answer ✔✔15 to 20 samples should be collected from suspects
Objective of interrogation: (importance goes up as the difficulty goes up) - correct answer ✔✔Obtain valuable facts, Eliminate the innocent, Identify the guilty, Obtain a confession
Proximity - correct answer ✔✔distance between you and subject during interview (optimal proximity 27 in. for middle class white males)
Expectancy - correct answer ✔✔Bias when witness is not completely positive of an answer. They'll give an answer they would expect, or assume.
