BIO 322 Patho Midterm Exam Questions and Correct Answers

Which if the following would result in non-pathological hormonal hyperplasia? A. A body builder who takes anabolic steroids to increase muscle mass. B. The thickening of the endometrium after fertilization and implantation C. A change in the cell size and shape of the cervix due to human papillomavirus (HPV) D. The reversible changing of normal columnar ciliated epithelium of the bronchial lining by stratified squamous epithelium. B. Elissa is a 16 year old high school student who attempted to overdose on aspirin because Joey, the star quarterback, kissed Emily, who probably has mono anyway. You got the privilege of helping to pump Elissa's stomach and stick charcoal down her throat to dry up the aspirin. Arterial blood gases showed a metabolic acidosis. Lab showed Na 142 mEq/L (normal 142-145), K 3.4 mEq/L (3.5-5.0), Ca 8.9 mg/dl (8.8-10.5), Mg 1.8 mg/dl (1.8-3.0), Cl- 94 (95-105), HCO3- 20 (24-28 mEq/L, HPO4- 2.7 mg/L (2.5-5) and SO4- 1 mEq/L. By your calculations, does Elissa have an anion gap? A. No B. Yes C. There is no way to tell from this case B. A 30-year-old male arrived at the emergency room complaining of nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and lethargy. Based on his symptoms, an ABG was ordered. His test results were pH 7.33 PaCO2- 22 mm/Hg HCO3- 9. What type of imbalance is occurring in the patient? A. Uncompensated metabolic acidosis B. Compensated respiratory acidosis C. Uncompensated respiratory acidosis D. Uncompensated metabolic alkalosis E. Compensated metabolic acidosis E. A 41-year-old man has been a smoker since he was 14. He is experiencing muscle weakness and headaches. He has also been recently diagnosed with lung cancer. His serum osmolality is decreased. Which of the following may be true? A. He has SIADH and an excess of ADH B. He has Addison Disease and a deficiency of ADH C. He has SIADH and a deficiency of aldosterone D. He has diabetes insipidus and a deficiency of ADH A. A 51-year-old male has a BP of 150/95mmHg (normal<120/80mmHg). If this remains untreated for years, which cellular alteration will be seen in the heart? A. Atrophy B. Hyperplasia C. Metaplasia D. Hypertrophy D.