STRAIGHTERLINE BIOLOGY FINAL EXAM TEST
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
In the nitrogen cycle, which of the following steps involves removal of nitrogen from
the atmosphere by bacteria? - ANSWER Nitrogen Fixation
If enough H+ ions are added to pure water to raise the H+ concentration of the
solution to ten times higher than the original concentration, what is the resulting OH-
concentration of the solution? - ANSWER 10-8 M
Fungi are able to reproduce asexually by creating conidiospores and
sporangiospores. Which of the following is an accurate explanation for why it is
advantageous that they are also capable of sexual reproduction? - ANSWER
Offspring from two parents may have variations in form and function that contribute
to survival of the species.
In a laboratory bacterial cell culture that has been infected by a virus, plaques are
areas in which... - ANSWER the virus has spread and left behind the remains of
dead cells.
The sun's energy is delivered as discrete packets that travel as waves and are called
- ANSWER Photons
What is a characteristic of aerobic respiration? - ANSWER The process includes
glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain.
In completing protein synthesis in a prokaryote, what basic message is carried by a
specialized codon that has no corresponding tRNA? - ANSWER "Terminate here."
Microbial drug resistance can be caused by mutations or by introduction of new
genes into a population. Which of the following can only be caused by the
introduction of new genes into a population? - ANSWER new enzymes that
inactivate the drug are synthesized
Why do the hands, feet, and breasts have more lymphatic vessels for host defense
than other areas of the human body? - ANSWER They have a high risk for
infection due to frequent contact.
Penicillin functions as an antimicrobial agent by inhibiting bacterial... - ANSWER
cell wall synthesis.
Which class of eukaryotic microorganisms can be subdivided into groups such as
Mastigophora, Sarcodina, Ciliophora, and Apicomplexa? - ANSWER Protozoa
Genetic material can be excised from one chromosome and directly integrated into
another via... - ANSWER transposons
, What immune cell secretes numerous cytokines that help to coordinate the response
of other immune cells? - ANSWER TH cell
What enzymes are used to amplify DNA during PCR? - ANSWER DNA
polymerase
Which of the following is a scientific name? - ANSWER Streptococcus pyogenes
Eosin-methylene blue agar, or EMB, is a commonly used bacteriological medium for
growing gram-negative bacteria from complex environments. It contains two dyes,
eosin and methylene blue, as well as the sugar lactose. Eosin is a pH indicator that
changes color when the medium is acidic, while methylene blue inhibits the growth of
most gram-positive bacteria. If an organism consumes lactose, acid will be
produced, causing the bacterial colonies to change color.
Based upon this description, this medium is ______ - ANSWER differential and
selective
A diagram of the three domains (Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya) proceeding from the
Last Universal Common Ancestor would show Archaea - ANSWER branching off
the Domain Eukarya.
In the cell cytoplasm, molecules of ATP are a - ANSWER solute
The _____ of the microscope holds and allows selection of the objective lenses. -
ANSWER nosepiece
Characteristics shared by all cells include - ANSWER the presence of cellular fluid,
the possession of genetic information, and a membrane serving as a cell boundary.
Anything that occupies space and mass is called... - ANSWER matter
Trees of life illustrate the phylogenetic relationships of all organisms were
traditionally based on _____; newer methods for determining phylogeny rely on
_____. - ANSWER Morphology; nucleic acid sequences
Covalent bonds - ANSWER result from sharing electrons
One nucleotide contains one - ANSWER phosphate, pentose sugar, nitrogen base
Among the types of microorganisms, the ___. are noncellullar - ANSWER viruses
Using microbes to detoxify a site contaminated with heavy metals is an example of
____ - ANSWER Bioremediation
C6H12O6+C6H12O6---> C12H22O11+H2O - ANSWER a dehydration synthesis
Which scientific field is involved in the identification, classification, and naming of
organisms? - ANSWER Taxonomy
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
In the nitrogen cycle, which of the following steps involves removal of nitrogen from
the atmosphere by bacteria? - ANSWER Nitrogen Fixation
If enough H+ ions are added to pure water to raise the H+ concentration of the
solution to ten times higher than the original concentration, what is the resulting OH-
concentration of the solution? - ANSWER 10-8 M
Fungi are able to reproduce asexually by creating conidiospores and
sporangiospores. Which of the following is an accurate explanation for why it is
advantageous that they are also capable of sexual reproduction? - ANSWER
Offspring from two parents may have variations in form and function that contribute
to survival of the species.
In a laboratory bacterial cell culture that has been infected by a virus, plaques are
areas in which... - ANSWER the virus has spread and left behind the remains of
dead cells.
The sun's energy is delivered as discrete packets that travel as waves and are called
- ANSWER Photons
What is a characteristic of aerobic respiration? - ANSWER The process includes
glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain.
In completing protein synthesis in a prokaryote, what basic message is carried by a
specialized codon that has no corresponding tRNA? - ANSWER "Terminate here."
Microbial drug resistance can be caused by mutations or by introduction of new
genes into a population. Which of the following can only be caused by the
introduction of new genes into a population? - ANSWER new enzymes that
inactivate the drug are synthesized
Why do the hands, feet, and breasts have more lymphatic vessels for host defense
than other areas of the human body? - ANSWER They have a high risk for
infection due to frequent contact.
Penicillin functions as an antimicrobial agent by inhibiting bacterial... - ANSWER
cell wall synthesis.
Which class of eukaryotic microorganisms can be subdivided into groups such as
Mastigophora, Sarcodina, Ciliophora, and Apicomplexa? - ANSWER Protozoa
Genetic material can be excised from one chromosome and directly integrated into
another via... - ANSWER transposons
, What immune cell secretes numerous cytokines that help to coordinate the response
of other immune cells? - ANSWER TH cell
What enzymes are used to amplify DNA during PCR? - ANSWER DNA
polymerase
Which of the following is a scientific name? - ANSWER Streptococcus pyogenes
Eosin-methylene blue agar, or EMB, is a commonly used bacteriological medium for
growing gram-negative bacteria from complex environments. It contains two dyes,
eosin and methylene blue, as well as the sugar lactose. Eosin is a pH indicator that
changes color when the medium is acidic, while methylene blue inhibits the growth of
most gram-positive bacteria. If an organism consumes lactose, acid will be
produced, causing the bacterial colonies to change color.
Based upon this description, this medium is ______ - ANSWER differential and
selective
A diagram of the three domains (Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya) proceeding from the
Last Universal Common Ancestor would show Archaea - ANSWER branching off
the Domain Eukarya.
In the cell cytoplasm, molecules of ATP are a - ANSWER solute
The _____ of the microscope holds and allows selection of the objective lenses. -
ANSWER nosepiece
Characteristics shared by all cells include - ANSWER the presence of cellular fluid,
the possession of genetic information, and a membrane serving as a cell boundary.
Anything that occupies space and mass is called... - ANSWER matter
Trees of life illustrate the phylogenetic relationships of all organisms were
traditionally based on _____; newer methods for determining phylogeny rely on
_____. - ANSWER Morphology; nucleic acid sequences
Covalent bonds - ANSWER result from sharing electrons
One nucleotide contains one - ANSWER phosphate, pentose sugar, nitrogen base
Among the types of microorganisms, the ___. are noncellullar - ANSWER viruses
Using microbes to detoxify a site contaminated with heavy metals is an example of
____ - ANSWER Bioremediation
C6H12O6+C6H12O6---> C12H22O11+H2O - ANSWER a dehydration synthesis
Which scientific field is involved in the identification, classification, and naming of
organisms? - ANSWER Taxonomy
