Test bank for Becker's World of the Cell, 10TH edition by (Hardin) all correct answers

Test bank for Becker's World of the Cell, 10TH edition (Hardin) Chapter 01 A Preview of Cell Biology 1.1 Multiple Choice Questions 1. Robert Hooke coined the term cell when studying thin slices of cork. These were the first cells observed because . a) dead plant cells; the thick cells walls did not require high resolution or magnification to view b) dead animal cells; they were immobile and did not need to be fixed before viewing c) compartments; they were actually the result of multiple cells that had merged and died to form large compartments that were easy to view d) immune cells; they produce antibodies that embed in the cell membrane to make it visible e) "little rooms"; they were 100 nm in diameter, much larger than most plant cells Answer: A 2. The Latin phrase omnis cellula e cellula refers to a cellular principle. Which of the following statements is the best interpretation of this phrase? a) Tissues are composed of similar cells. b) Cells generally are found in clusters. c) All cells arise only from preexisting cells. d) Organs are composed of tissues and cells. e) The cell is the basic unit of structure. Answer: C 3. improved the original light microscope in the late 1600s, allowing the visualization of . a) Theodor Schwann; the internal structures of cells, such as ribosomes, nuclei, and Golgi bodies b) Robert Hooke; bacteria and viruses c) Antonie van Leeuwenhoek; sperm cells, bacteria, algae, and other protists d) Robert Brown; cell structures using fluorescent antibodies e) Rudolf Virchow; collagen and muscle cells Answer: C 4. Which organelle stores most of the DNA in plant and animal cells? a) Golgi complex b) Mitochondrion c) Chloroplast d) Nucleus e) Lysosom Answer: D 5. Which of the following statements is false? a) All organisms consist of one or more cells. b) All cells arise from preexisting cells. c) The cell is the basic unit of structure for all organisms. d) All cells have a membrane-bound nucleus. e) Cells come in a wide variety of sizes and shapes. Answer: D 6. Which of the following is true of a nanometer? a) A nanometer is about the size of a common bacterial cell. b) A nanometer is one millionth of a meter. c) A nanometer is equivalent to 10 Angstroms (Å). d) The nanometer is the most common measurement used in measuring whole cells. e) None of the above. Answer: C 7. Which of the following is closest to a micrometer in size? a) The width of a strand of DNA b) The length of a plant cell c) The length of a chicken egg d) A typical prokaryotic cell e) The size of a ribosome Answer: D 8. Cell biology emerged from which of the following fields of biology? a) Biochemistry b) Cytology c) Genetics d) Biochemistry, cytology, and genetics e) Cytology and biochemistry Answer: D 9. Which of the following is smallest? a) Ribosome b) Virus c) Protein d) Mitochondrion e) Prokaryote Answer: C 10. Early microscopes did not allow clear visualization of cells because they were limited by a) magnification. b) number of kernels. c) resolution. d) refraction. e) both magnification and resolution. Answer: E 11. You are working on a project that involves the direct observation of DNA molecules. The microscope that would give you the best information at this time would be the a) Light microscope. b) Phase-contrast microscope. c) Transmission electron microscope. d) Digital video microscope. e) Fluorescent microscope. Answer: C 12. The limit of resolution can best be defined as a) The distance that an object must be moved to be distinguished from its background. b) The inverse of the wavelength of light; it is greatest for black light. c) The distance that two objects must be apart to be distinguished as separate objects. d) The solvent that must be available to remix a solution. e) The magnification power of a microscope. Answer: C 13. How does brightfield microscopy allow images to be visualized? a) Specimens are illuminated with white light. b) Electrons strike the specimen being examined. c) Specimens are fixed and have bright fluorescent molecules attached to them. d) Specimens are illuminated with blue light to visualize internal features of cells smaller than 100 nm. e) Specimens are viewed under phased light to improve magnification. Answer: A 14. Which of the following is an application of immunofluorescence microscopy? a) Visualization of the natural fluorescence of a specimen under UV light b) Identification of specific components of the immune system c) Identifying which organelle or cellular compartment contains a particular protein d) Visualization of the surface structures of a specimen e) Construction of three-dimensional images of structures smaller than 10 nm Answer: C 15. Which type of microscopy enhances and amplifies slight changes in the phase of transmitted light? a) Differential interference contrast microscopy b) Digital video microscopy c) Fluorescence microscopy d) Phase-contrast microscopy e) Both differential interference contrast microscopy and phase-contrast microscopy Answer: E 16. Which type of microscopy has the greatest resolving power? a) Electron microscopy b) Phase-contrast microscopy c) Fluorescence microscopy d) Digital video microscopy e) Confocal scanning microscopy Answer: A 17. Which of the following can only be viewed by electron microscopy? a) Frog eggs b) DNA c) Nuclei d) Mitochondria e) Prokaryotes Answer: B 18. Which of the following types of light microscopy improves the resolution of thick specimens by illuminating one plane of the specimen at a time? a) Fluorescence microscopy b) Phase-contrast microscopy c) Confocal microscopy d) Differential interference contrast microscopy e) Brightfield microscopy Answer: C