Apex Exam 6 2024/2025 Questions and Answers with complete solution

A 3 year old is undergoing a Swenson procedure for Hirschsprung disease. During the operation, the alpha angle on the capnogram increases and the peak inspiratory pressure doubles. What intervention should be perform first? - administered 100% oxygen A 38 year old male takes chlorthalidone for hypertension. During a knee arthroscopy, he became severely hypocarbic as the result of aggressive ventilation. What is the best treatment at this time? - magnesium sulfate A 6 month old with a Chiari II malformation presents for surgery. Which region of the skull is the target of this procedure - foramen magnum A 65 year old male received an epidural catheter to provide postoperative pain relief following right hemicolectomy. Four days later, he complains of worsening backache, pain that radiates along the sciatic distribution of his left leg, and incontinence. What is the most likely diagnosis? - epidural abscess A 65 year old patient presents for an emergency craniotomy for an intracerebral bleed. He takes dabigatran for atrial fibrillation. What treatment is indicated for the reversal of his anticoagulant therapy? - Idarucizumab A disorder of which electrolyte is MOST likely to affect the MAC of isoflurane? - sodium A hematocrit above what value is a threat to life? - 60% A history of type I hypersensitivity to which of the following drugs is a contraindication to the infiltration of liposomal bupivacaine? select three - lidocaine ropivacaine mepivacaineA neonate experiences rapid arterial desaturation during anesthetic induction. Which factors are responsible for this complication (select two) - pliable rib cage increased oxygen consumption A patient has an aortic balloon pump in place. Click on the region of the arterial blood pressure waveform that corresponds with diastolic augmentation and improvement of coronary blood flow - Click on last wave A patient is diagnosed with hyperkalemia secondary to diuretic therapy. Click on the region of the nephron where this drug produces its pharmacologic effect - click on collecting duct A patient is undergoing tumor resection in the posterior fossa. Two hours into the procedure, the patient becomes hemodynamically unstable. Using the information in the image, what is the most likey etiology of this complication - venous air embolism A patient presents for hemorrhoidectomy. Which combination of local anesthetic and patient position during block placement will provide the best result? - 0.75% bupivacaine in dextrose + sitting position According to OSHA's recommended standards, what is the maximum accepted level of exposure to desflurane when nitrous oxide is co-administered? - 0.5 ppm According to the ASA Preanesthesia checkout procedures, which actions must be performed before each case (select three) - perform a high pressure check