Pathophysiology II Final Exam Review CNM Fildes || A+ Graded Already.

Coronary heart disease correct answers Characterized by insufficient delivery of oxygenated blood to the myocardium due to atherosclerotic coronary arteries (CADs) Sequelae of CHD correct answers -Angina pectoris -Myocardial infarction—occurs when there's a blood clot & artery is completely blocked (infarction = death) -Dysrhythmias -Heart failure -Sudden cardiac death Are all... Risk factors for CHD correct answers Smoking, hyperlipidemia (high Triglyceride and high LDL cholestrol), diabetes mellitus, and hypertension are all... Angina Pectoris correct answers 1. Chest pain associated with intermittent myocardial ischemia 2. May result in inefficient cardiac pumping with resultant pulmonary congestion and shortness of breath 3. Three patterns Hint: the general name for angina Acute Coronary Syndrome correct answers 1. Sudden change in Angina Pectoris 2. Chest pain usually more severe and lasts longer than typical angina 3. Plaque rupture with acute thrombus development 4. Unstable angina—occlusion is partial 5. MI—occlusion is complete 6. ECG and biomarkers used for diagnosis Hint: it's a syndrome Sudden Cardiac Death correct answers 1. Unexpected death from cardiac causes within 1 hour of symptom onset 2. Use of external defibrillators and CPR has increased survival 3. Lethal dysrhythmia (such as ventricular fibrillation) is usually the primary cause Stenosis correct answers Failure of the valve to open completely results in extra pressure work for the heart Regurgitation correct answers Inability of a valve to close completely results in extra volume work for the heart Mitral (bicuspid) Stenosis correct answers -Blood flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle is impaired during ventricular diastole -Increased pressure of the left atrium leads to atrial chamber enlargement and hypertrophy