Fitzgerald Pharmacology Midterm Practice Questions And Answers
SGLT2 inhibitors exert their clinical effect by: - ANSWER Increasing glucose excretion in the urine.
A drug's mechanism of action is part of its: - ANSWER Pharmacodynamics
The process of absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination of a drug is known as: - ANSWER Pharmacokinetics
Which of the following would best describe a pharmacodynamic study? - ANSWER
Determining the effect of a specific medication dose in treating a disease
Cmax is best described as: - ANSWER Maximum or peak concentration of a drug
observed after its administration.
When counseling a 56-year-old woman with type 2 diabetes mellitus, the NP mentions which of the following regarding the use of semaglutide? - ANSWER The oral dose of the medication needed is quite high compared to the injectable for due to issues with GI absorption.
Tmax is best defined as:
. - ANSWER Time to maximum drug level is observed.
In the development, testing, and approval of a new medication, which of the following
best describes the question that is being asked in phase 3 testing? - ANSWER Does the medication appear to have a clinical effect when subjected to a double-
blind clinical trial?
Age-related changes in the elder include all of the following except: - ANSWER Increase in serum albumin.
When considering the movement of drugs throughout the body, it is important to consider that the most common form of drug absorption is via: - ANSWER Passive diffusion.
The safety and pharmacokinetics of a new drug are best determined in which phase of clinical trials? - ANSWER Phase 1
Bioavailability is defined as the: - ANSWER Fraction of the administered drug that
reaches systemic circulation.
A nursing mother is taking a medication with a 2-hour half-life and is concerned about her infant ingesting some of the drug through breastmilk. The NP knows that <10% of the original drug dose will remain in the body after how many hours following her dose? - ANSWER 8
Drugs that are antagonists exhibit clinical action primarily by: - ANSWER Occupying a receptor site and inhibiting its endogenous activity.
In advising a 40-year-old woman who is taking ciprofloxacin with a calcium-
containing antacid, which of the following statement is correct? - ANSWER The clinical effect of the antimicrobial will be reduced via chelation if the two medications are taken together.
Which of the following is not a requirement for a medication to be delivered transdermally? - ANSWER pH <4 in aqueous medium
A 37-year-old woman with a history of migraines requests a migraine treatment. She describes that her migraines tend to develop slowly and will last several hours. The NP recommends which of the following triptans? - ANSWER Frovatriptan
Agonist drugs work primarily by: - ANSWER Stimulating the activity of a receptor site.
Of the following drug characteristics, which contributes significantly to the difference in the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (the statins) potencies? - ANSWER Bioavailability and half-life
The biotransformation and/or excretion of an oral drug by hepatic mechanisms prior to entering the GI tract is known as: - ANSWER First pass effect.
When counseling a 58-year-old woman on the use of levothyroxine, the NP advises that the medication: - ANSWER Should be taken on an empty stomach.
The most commonly utilized CYP 450 isoenzyme for drug metabolism or biotransformation is: - ANSWER 3A4.
Which of the following medications is considered to have a wide therapeutic index and would not require therapeutic drug monitoring? - ANSWER Fluoxetine
Which of the following statins would be preferred for a 67-year-old man with hypercholesterolemia and who likes to have a glass of grapefruit juice every morning? - ANSWER Pravastatin
When developing a plan of care to minimize drug-drug interaction risk in 64-year-old man with atrial fibrillation and taking warfarin, the NP pays particular attention to avoiding medications that inhibit CYP450: - ANSWER 2C9.
All of the following are potential signs of Torsades de Pointe except: - ANSWER Vertigo
A 57-year-old woman with a history of intracerebral hemorrhage and who is taking warfarin requires treatment with metronidazole. Aside from close clinical monitoring
SGLT2 inhibitors exert their clinical effect by: - ANSWER Increasing glucose excretion in the urine.
A drug's mechanism of action is part of its: - ANSWER Pharmacodynamics
The process of absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination of a drug is known as: - ANSWER Pharmacokinetics
Which of the following would best describe a pharmacodynamic study? - ANSWER
Determining the effect of a specific medication dose in treating a disease
Cmax is best described as: - ANSWER Maximum or peak concentration of a drug
observed after its administration.
When counseling a 56-year-old woman with type 2 diabetes mellitus, the NP mentions which of the following regarding the use of semaglutide? - ANSWER The oral dose of the medication needed is quite high compared to the injectable for due to issues with GI absorption.
Tmax is best defined as:
. - ANSWER Time to maximum drug level is observed.
In the development, testing, and approval of a new medication, which of the following
best describes the question that is being asked in phase 3 testing? - ANSWER Does the medication appear to have a clinical effect when subjected to a double-
blind clinical trial?
Age-related changes in the elder include all of the following except: - ANSWER Increase in serum albumin.
When considering the movement of drugs throughout the body, it is important to consider that the most common form of drug absorption is via: - ANSWER Passive diffusion.
The safety and pharmacokinetics of a new drug are best determined in which phase of clinical trials? - ANSWER Phase 1
Bioavailability is defined as the: - ANSWER Fraction of the administered drug that
reaches systemic circulation.
A nursing mother is taking a medication with a 2-hour half-life and is concerned about her infant ingesting some of the drug through breastmilk. The NP knows that <10% of the original drug dose will remain in the body after how many hours following her dose? - ANSWER 8
Drugs that are antagonists exhibit clinical action primarily by: - ANSWER Occupying a receptor site and inhibiting its endogenous activity.
In advising a 40-year-old woman who is taking ciprofloxacin with a calcium-
containing antacid, which of the following statement is correct? - ANSWER The clinical effect of the antimicrobial will be reduced via chelation if the two medications are taken together.
Which of the following is not a requirement for a medication to be delivered transdermally? - ANSWER pH <4 in aqueous medium
A 37-year-old woman with a history of migraines requests a migraine treatment. She describes that her migraines tend to develop slowly and will last several hours. The NP recommends which of the following triptans? - ANSWER Frovatriptan
Agonist drugs work primarily by: - ANSWER Stimulating the activity of a receptor site.
Of the following drug characteristics, which contributes significantly to the difference in the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (the statins) potencies? - ANSWER Bioavailability and half-life
The biotransformation and/or excretion of an oral drug by hepatic mechanisms prior to entering the GI tract is known as: - ANSWER First pass effect.
When counseling a 58-year-old woman on the use of levothyroxine, the NP advises that the medication: - ANSWER Should be taken on an empty stomach.
The most commonly utilized CYP 450 isoenzyme for drug metabolism or biotransformation is: - ANSWER 3A4.
Which of the following medications is considered to have a wide therapeutic index and would not require therapeutic drug monitoring? - ANSWER Fluoxetine
Which of the following statins would be preferred for a 67-year-old man with hypercholesterolemia and who likes to have a glass of grapefruit juice every morning? - ANSWER Pravastatin
When developing a plan of care to minimize drug-drug interaction risk in 64-year-old man with atrial fibrillation and taking warfarin, the NP pays particular attention to avoiding medications that inhibit CYP450: - ANSWER 2C9.
All of the following are potential signs of Torsades de Pointe except: - ANSWER Vertigo
A 57-year-old woman with a history of intracerebral hemorrhage and who is taking warfarin requires treatment with metronidazole. Aside from close clinical monitoring
