Summary C++ ARRAYS

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C++ Arrays
In C++, an array is a variable that can store multiple values of the same type.
For example,

Suppose a class has 27 students, and we need to store the grades of all of
them. Instead of creating 27 separate variables, we can simply create an
array:

double grade[27];


Here, grade is an array that can hold a maximum of 27 elements
of double type.
In C++, the size and type of arrays cannot be changed after its declaration.




C++ Array Declaration

dataType arrayName[arraySize];


For example,

int x[6];


Here,

• int - type of element to be stored
• x - name of the array
• 6 - size of the array

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Access Elements in C++ Array
In C++, each element in an array is associated with a number. The number is
known as an array index. We can access elements of an array by using those
indices.

// syntax to access array elements
array[index];


Consider the array x we have seen above.




Elements of
an array in C++
Few Things to Remember:

• The array indices start with 0 . Meaning x[0] is the first element stored at
index 0 .
• If the size of an array is n , the last element is stored at index (n-1) . In
this example, x[5] is the last element.
• Elements of an array have consecutive addresses. For example,
suppose the starting address of x[0] is 2120.


Then, the address of the next element x[1] will be 2124, the address
of x[2] will be 2128, and so on.

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Here, the size of each element is increased by 4. This is because the
size of int is 4 bytes.




C++ Array Initialization
In C++, it's possible to initialize an array during declaration. For example,

// declare and initialize and array
int x[6] = {19, 10, 8, 17, 9, 15};




C++ Array
elements and their data
Another method to initialize array during declaration:

// declare and initialize an array
int x[] = {19, 10, 8, 17, 9, 15};


Here, we have not mentioned the size of the array. In such cases, the
compiler automatically computes the size.




C++ Array With Empty Members