Community Health ATI 2024 / 2025 complete Question and Answers

Community Health ATI 2024 / 2025 complete Question and Answers What is systems thinking how an individual or unit interacts with other organizations or systems and is useful in examining cause and effect relationships. What is upstream thinking used to focus on interventions that promote health or prevent illness, as opposed to medical treatment models that focus on care after an individual becomes ill. What is virulence? The degree to which an organism is able to cause a severe pathological reaction resulting in disease. Also called degree of communicability Populations at risk of communicable disease young children, older adults, immunosuppressed clients, clients who have a high risk lifestyle, international travelers, healthcare workers What is vertical transmission transmission from parent to offspring, through the sperm, placenta, vaginal contact during birth, or consuming human milk What is horizontal transmission transmission from person to person interactions through contact with a person or objects the person has touched, the air, contaminated body fluids, food, and water (common vehicle), or living creatures like mosquitoes and snails (vectors). Airborne transmission particles transmitted by air to susceptible host via droplets or particles. Isolation precautions for measles airborn Isolation precautions for chickenpox airborn Isolation precautions for tuberculosis airborn Isolation precautions for covid 19 airborn Isolation precautions for pertussis droplet Isolation precautions for influenza droplet Isolation precautions for severe acute respiratory syndrome? droplet Communicable diseases from infected food norovirus, salmonellosis, hepatitis A, trichinosis, E. coli What is food intoxication? toxins produced through bacterial growth, chemical contamination, or disease-producing substances Communicable diseases from food intoxication? Staphylococcus aureus and Clostridium botulinum Communicable disease with waterborne transmission cholera, typhoid fever, bacillary dysentery, giardia lamblia Communicable diseases with vector borne transmission west nile virus, lyme disease, rocky mountain spotted fever, malaria, zika virus Communicable disease with direct contact transmission STIs, infectious mononucleosis, enterobiasis, impetigo, lice, scabies, common cold Herd immunity Protection due to the immunity of most community members making exposure unlikely Natural immunity Natural defense mechanisms of the body to resist specific antigens or toxins Acquired immunity Resistance acquired by the host through actual exposure to the infectious agent Active immunity Production of antibodies by the body in response to infection or immunization with a specific antigen Passive immunity Transfer of antibodies to the host either trans placentally from mother to newborn or through transfusions of immunoglobulins, plasma proteins, antitoxins Descriptive epidemiology used to investigate disease patterns to identify whom it affected, where the issue is located, how it occurs, why or what the cause is, and when the condition started. Contract tracing an intervention in which infected individuals report names and contact information for those with whom they have been in close contact. The contacts can then be informed of their exposure and offered testing and treatment, if necessary. Primary prevention prevents the occurrence of infectious disease Secondary prevention increase early detection through screen and case findin