Chemistry Final ACS Exam

Chemistry
Final
ACS
Exam
Accuracy?
-
ANSCloseness
of
measurements
to
the
TRUE
VALUE
of
what
is
being
measured
Precision?
-
ANSCloseness
of
a
SET
of
measurements
How
do
you
calculate
Percent
Error?
-
ANSI
experimental-accepted
I
____________________
x
100
accepted
value
Are
zeros
infront
of
non-zero
digis
significant?
-
ANSNope!
ex:
0.0071
is
only
2
sig
figs
Are
zeros
at
the
end
of
a
number
and
to
the
right
of
the
decimal
significant?
-
ANSYep!
ex:
9.100
is
4
sig
figs
Addition/Subtraction
in
regards
to
sig
figs?
-
ANSRound
numbers
to
the
least
number
of
decimal
places
Multiplaction/Division
in
regards
to
sig
figs?
-
ANSRound
answers
to
the
least
amount
of
sig
figs
#
of
e-
equal
-
ANSthe
#
of
p+
Atomic
Mass?
-
ANSNumber
of
protons
in
the
nucleus
(number
on
the
left
bottom
corner
of
the
chemical
symbol)
Atomic
Mass
Number?
-
ANSNumber
of
protons
and
neutrons
(number
on
the
left
upper
corner
of
the
chemical
symbol)
Isotope?
-
ANSAtoms
of
the
same
element,
but
with
different
masses
(different
number
of
neutrons)
STUDY
ELECTRON
CONFIGURATIONS
-
ANSSTUDY
ELECTRON
CONFIGURATIONS
Do
columns
or
rows
in
the
Periodic
Table
have
similar
patterns?
-
ANSColumns
(the
"groups")
have
repeating
patterns?
Which
area
of
the
Periodic
Table
has
greater
metallicness?
-
ANSLeft
and
down
has
greater
metallicness
Which
area
of
the
PT
has
greater
atomic
size?
-
ANSLeft
and
down
has
a
greater
atomic
size Which
area
of
the
PT
has
greater
ionization
energy?
-
ANSRight
side
and
up
has
greater
ionization
energy
Which
area
of
the
PT
has
greater
electronegativity?
-
ANSRight
side
and
up
has
greater
electronegativiy,
except
the
Noble
Gases
of
0
electronegativy
Ionic
Bonding?
-
ANSMetal
and
a
nonmetal.
Give/take
electrons
Covalent
bonding?
-
ANSNonmetal
and
a
nonmetal.
Share
electrons.
VSEPR
Theory?
-
ANSValence
Shell
Electron
Pair
Repulsion
aka
Valence
e-
pairs
stay
as
far
apart
as
possible
How
do
you
determine
polarity?
-
ANSUse
the
chart
that
has
electronegativity
values,
then
subtract
the
elements
in
the
compound
from
each
other.
Is
water
polar?
-
ANSYes!
Combination
Reaction?
-
ANSA
+
B
-->
AB
Decomposition
Reaction?
-
ANSAB
-->
A
+
B
Single
Replacement
Reaction?
-
ANSAB
+
C
-->
AC
+
B
Double
Replacement
Reaction?
-
ANSAB
+
CD
-->
AD
+
CB
Combustion
Reaction?
-
ANSC
+
H
+
O
-->
H2O
+
CO2
always
Avogadro's
Number?
-
ANS6.022
x
10^23
particles
=
1
mole
Molar
Mass?
-
ANSgram/mole
Mole
to
Volume?
-
ANS1
mole
=
22.4
L
Empirical
Formula
vs
Molecular
Formula?
-
ANSMolecular
=
the
actual
number
of
atoms
in
a
compound
Empirical
=
basic
ratio,
smallest
whole
numbers
of
atoms
in
a
compound
Percent
Composition?
-
ANSMass
element/mass
compound
x
100
Limiting
Reactant?
-
ANSThe
reactant
which
runs
out
first...meaning
it
limits
how
much
product
can
be
made
ex:
If
there's
1
mole
of
NaOH
and
2
moles
of
HCl,
NaOH
is
the
limiting
reactant,
because
it
is
used
up
(only
1
mole)
Which
state
of
matter
has
the
greatest
Kinetic
Energy?
-
ANSGas
has
the
greatest
KE,
because
the
particles
are
far
apart
and
moving
fast