BCIA Neurofeedback Exam: Demos study guide Day 2 with Complete Solutions

BCIA Neurofeedback Exam: Demos study guide Day 2 with Complete Solutions Describe how electrical activity coming from the scalp is transformed into the EEG - Correct Answer Electrodes detect signals (in microvolts) coming from the scalp that are amplified and transformed via digital or analog processing. The EEG is an analog representation of electrical activity coming from the scalp. Morphology - Correct Answer The visible shapes and contours of the EEG waveform that give its visual appearance Name some important aspects of the EEG signal - Correct Answer Amplitude, frequency distribution, patterns of waxing and waning, changes due to sensory stimulation or task, distribution across the scalp Explain bandpass filters - Correct Answer A way of letting some frequencies through while blocking others. They can be analog hardware or digital software. Explain Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) - Correct Answer Like a prism- separates raw EEG into smaller parts - frequencies. There are many types of bandpass filters and many ways of implementing Fourier or other transforms. Explain bins - Correct Answer A way of gathering outputs from transforms where the frequency data is organized into useful bands like the bandwidth of a digital filter Explain sampling rate - Correct Answer Reflects how fast the signal is sampled. Optimum ratio is 4:1. For example if a system was recording 32 Hz activity, a sampling rate of 128 would be preferable. Name common bandwidths - Correct Answer Delta, theta, alpha, beta, SMR, high beta, gamma Delta - Correct Answer 1-4 hz. Sleep, repair, brain injury Theta - Correct Answer 4-8 hz. Creativity, insight, deep states, distraction Alpha - Correct Answer 8-12 hz. Alert and peaceful, readiness, meditation, effortlessness