Midterm A+P Arizona College of Nursing Questions With 100% Correct Answers.

A ruptured blood vessel attracts - thrombocytes to the site of injury. Each atrium has an external appendage called an: - Auricle who's rough appearance is caused by the musculi pectinati Four chambers of the heart - right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, left ventricle hepatic portal circulation - route between the digestive tract and the liver. This route is used to store excess sugars from digestion into the liver and release sugars stored in the liver as glycogen between meals to maintain blood glucose levels How are the right and left ventricle separated? - Interventricular septum IgA - Found in exocrine gland secretions, nasal fluid, tears and gastric and intestinal juice bile breast milk and urine IgD - Found on the surface of b cells IgE - allergic reactions IgG - Found in tissue fluids and plasma IgM - Found in the plasma and is a response to bacteria detected in food Killer - lymphocyte that kills virus invaded and cancerous cells Lacteal - a lymph tubule located in the villus that absorbs fatty acidsLayers of the heart wall: Endocardium - innermost layer; is continuous with endothelial lining of blood vessels; lines heart chambers and covers cardiac skeleton of valves Layers of the heart wall: Epicardium/visceral pericardium - Consists of serous tissue and mesothelium Layers of the heart wall: Myocardium - 2nd layer of the heart- This makes up the bulk of the heart and consists of cardiac muscle tissue Memory cells - descendants of activated T and B cells Suppressor T cells - slows down the activities of b and c cells once infection is controlled The ascending aorta carries - Oxygenated blood away from the heart to all parts of the body The four pulmonary veins - return oxygenated blood to the heart What are leukocytes? - white blood cells have a nuclei and no hemoglobin What are monocytes? - nongranular leukocytes that phagocytize bacteria and cellular debri. What are the 2 types of leukocytes? - 1. Granulocytes 2. Agranulocytes What are the layers of the pericardial sac? - fibrous pericardium and serous pericardium What are the right and left atrium separated by? - Interatrial septumWhat are the valves of the heart? - 2 AV valves and 2 semilunar valves What constitutes the cardiovascular system? - Heart, blood and blood vessels What do blood cells develop from? - They develop from undifferentiated mesenchymal cells called stem cells or hemocytoblasts What does the chordae tendineae do? - Prevent valve from opening backward (muscles tense before ventricular contraction) into right atrium What is the function of the cardiovascular system? - transportation of blood What is the red pigment? - hemoglobin Where are lymphocytes and monocytes produced? - lymph nodes, spleen, tonsils Where does hematopoiesis occur? - In the red bone marrow or myeloid tissue Where is the bicuspid valve located? - between left atrium and left ventricle Where is the heart located? - mediastinum, between lungs, surrounded by the pericardial sac Where is the pulmonary semilunar valve located? - In the right ventricle where the pulmonary artery is found. Where is the semilunar valve found? - The semilunar valve is found in the left ventricle where the aorta leaves the heart.Where is the tricuspid valve located? - between right atrium and right ventricle Which is the inner layer of the pericardial sac? A) Fibrous pericardium B) Serous pericardium - Serous- thin and delicate AKA the parietal layer