BSNC 1000 MODULES 1-5 MIDTERM QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 100% CORRECT!!
What are the four subcomponents of population health? - ANSWER epidemiology; chronic disease management; illness and injury prevention; health promotion
what is population health? - ANSWER Aims to improve health inequalities by examining and acting upon a broad range of factors and conditions that determine health
define incidence - ANSWER The number or rate of new cases of a particular condition during a specific time.
Define prevalence - ANSWER number of total cases of a disease in a given area during a given period of time
Define morbidity - ANSWER proportion of population with disease
Define mortality - ANSWER the incidence of death in a population
what is the community perspective? - ANSWER word of mouth; what is accessible; media
Define chronic disease - ANSWER an ongoing condition or illness
how does social support impact health? - ANSWER promotes both happiness and health; poor social relationships can be an important risk factor for smoking and obesity
how does income and social status impact health? - ANSWER level of income shapes overall living conditions, affects psychological functioning and influences health-related behaviours like quality of diet --> access to better resources
how does education and literacy impact health? - ANSWER can lead to a better job,
higher income, greater health literacy and understanding the difference between unhealthy and health behaviours
how do employment and working conditions impact health? - ANSWER no job can lead to higher rates of stress, mental health issues, and poverty --> lack of resources
from low income
how does the social environment impact health? - ANSWER ( support and resources available in the community)
- lack of social environment can lead to isolation and poor mental health which can cause bad health behaviours what are examples of physical environments that can impact health? - ANSWER air quality/pollution, water, food, housing, natural disasters (hurricanes, droughts, floods), accessibility to human-built resources (playgrounds, workplaces, public transport)
how does personal health practices and coping skills impact health? - ANSWER can
prevent diseases and enhance health --> good self-care and coping mechanisms for stress what is the healthcare perspective? - ANSWER evidence and science based; articles/peer reviewed journals; experience
Define disease - ANSWER an abnormal state in which the body is not performing normal functions
how can child development impact health? - ANSWER lack of exposures and experiences can prevent future diseases
--> no exposure to second hand smoking, emotional, social and educational needs are met
how does our genetics and biology impact health? - ANSWER can predispose us to certain illnesses --> sickle cell anemia
how does our access to health services impact our health? - ANSWER accessible to
all for health maintenance, promotion, protection, disease prevention, and treatment if population health is to be achieved.
what is the epidemiological triad? - ANSWER agent, host, environment
--> example
agent: common cold
host: you environment: outside
What is the web of causation? - ANSWER schematic of how agents work together to cause disease --> multiple contributors
what is primary prevention? - ANSWER activities seek to prevent the occurrence of a disease or injury
--> administering individual and mass immunizations
-->organizing community vaccination programs for influenza --> educating a community about the impor tance of handwashing to prevent the spread of infection. what is secondary prevention? - ANSWER seek to detect a disease early in its progression; before clinical signs and symptoms become apparent, to make a diagnosis and begin treatment
--> health screening programs to assess vision and hearing or to detect breast cancer, cervical cancer, hypertension, and scoliosis.
what is tertiary prevention? - ANSWER after the condition has occurred; the goals are to interrupt the course of the disease, reduce the amount of disability that might occur, and begin rehabilitation
--> cardiac rehabilitation at a local wellness center for groups of clients who have been recently discharged from hospital following a cardiovas cular event
what is involved in chronic disease management (CDM)? - ANSWER -> ongoing, planned, and integrated approach within an easily navigated system
-> multidisciplinary approach
-> health promotion and disease prevention strategies
->Patients should also be responsible for their control of health
Define growth and development - ANSWER Sequence of physical, psychosocial & cognitive developmental changes that take place over the human lifespan
what are some growth and development risk factors in older adults? - ANSWER genetics, prenatal factors, family factors, determinants of health, health status, toxic stress
what are the three aggregates of the older population? - ANSWER young-old: 65-74
middle-old: 75-84
old-old: 85+ how does gender impact health? - ANSWER indicates that some health problems and health practices are gender specific
--> example, men are more likely than women to die prematurely from heart disease
how does culture impact health? - ANSWER predispose some groups to certain diseases; implications for access to care.
what is the stochastic theory? - ANSWER aging is based on random events that cause cellular damage that accumulate as organism ages
What is the nonstochastic theory? - ANSWER predetermined by age
--> grey hair, menopause
What is Erickson's psychosocial theory? - ANSWER Humans develop in 8 different stages
*8. Maturity (65-death)* - ego integrity vs. despair - reflection of life
what is the older adult stage in Erickson's theory? - ANSWER reflect on their lives until satisfaction or regret (integrity vs. despair) can be fixated on a certain stage in their life that they felt wasn't completed
What are the four subcomponents of population health? - ANSWER epidemiology; chronic disease management; illness and injury prevention; health promotion
what is population health? - ANSWER Aims to improve health inequalities by examining and acting upon a broad range of factors and conditions that determine health
define incidence - ANSWER The number or rate of new cases of a particular condition during a specific time.
Define prevalence - ANSWER number of total cases of a disease in a given area during a given period of time
Define morbidity - ANSWER proportion of population with disease
Define mortality - ANSWER the incidence of death in a population
what is the community perspective? - ANSWER word of mouth; what is accessible; media
Define chronic disease - ANSWER an ongoing condition or illness
how does social support impact health? - ANSWER promotes both happiness and health; poor social relationships can be an important risk factor for smoking and obesity
how does income and social status impact health? - ANSWER level of income shapes overall living conditions, affects psychological functioning and influences health-related behaviours like quality of diet --> access to better resources
how does education and literacy impact health? - ANSWER can lead to a better job,
higher income, greater health literacy and understanding the difference between unhealthy and health behaviours
how do employment and working conditions impact health? - ANSWER no job can lead to higher rates of stress, mental health issues, and poverty --> lack of resources
from low income
how does the social environment impact health? - ANSWER ( support and resources available in the community)
- lack of social environment can lead to isolation and poor mental health which can cause bad health behaviours what are examples of physical environments that can impact health? - ANSWER air quality/pollution, water, food, housing, natural disasters (hurricanes, droughts, floods), accessibility to human-built resources (playgrounds, workplaces, public transport)
how does personal health practices and coping skills impact health? - ANSWER can
prevent diseases and enhance health --> good self-care and coping mechanisms for stress what is the healthcare perspective? - ANSWER evidence and science based; articles/peer reviewed journals; experience
Define disease - ANSWER an abnormal state in which the body is not performing normal functions
how can child development impact health? - ANSWER lack of exposures and experiences can prevent future diseases
--> no exposure to second hand smoking, emotional, social and educational needs are met
how does our genetics and biology impact health? - ANSWER can predispose us to certain illnesses --> sickle cell anemia
how does our access to health services impact our health? - ANSWER accessible to
all for health maintenance, promotion, protection, disease prevention, and treatment if population health is to be achieved.
what is the epidemiological triad? - ANSWER agent, host, environment
--> example
agent: common cold
host: you environment: outside
What is the web of causation? - ANSWER schematic of how agents work together to cause disease --> multiple contributors
what is primary prevention? - ANSWER activities seek to prevent the occurrence of a disease or injury
--> administering individual and mass immunizations
-->organizing community vaccination programs for influenza --> educating a community about the impor tance of handwashing to prevent the spread of infection. what is secondary prevention? - ANSWER seek to detect a disease early in its progression; before clinical signs and symptoms become apparent, to make a diagnosis and begin treatment
--> health screening programs to assess vision and hearing or to detect breast cancer, cervical cancer, hypertension, and scoliosis.
what is tertiary prevention? - ANSWER after the condition has occurred; the goals are to interrupt the course of the disease, reduce the amount of disability that might occur, and begin rehabilitation
--> cardiac rehabilitation at a local wellness center for groups of clients who have been recently discharged from hospital following a cardiovas cular event
what is involved in chronic disease management (CDM)? - ANSWER -> ongoing, planned, and integrated approach within an easily navigated system
-> multidisciplinary approach
-> health promotion and disease prevention strategies
->Patients should also be responsible for their control of health
Define growth and development - ANSWER Sequence of physical, psychosocial & cognitive developmental changes that take place over the human lifespan
what are some growth and development risk factors in older adults? - ANSWER genetics, prenatal factors, family factors, determinants of health, health status, toxic stress
what are the three aggregates of the older population? - ANSWER young-old: 65-74
middle-old: 75-84
old-old: 85+ how does gender impact health? - ANSWER indicates that some health problems and health practices are gender specific
--> example, men are more likely than women to die prematurely from heart disease
how does culture impact health? - ANSWER predispose some groups to certain diseases; implications for access to care.
what is the stochastic theory? - ANSWER aging is based on random events that cause cellular damage that accumulate as organism ages
What is the nonstochastic theory? - ANSWER predetermined by age
--> grey hair, menopause
What is Erickson's psychosocial theory? - ANSWER Humans develop in 8 different stages
*8. Maturity (65-death)* - ego integrity vs. despair - reflection of life
what is the older adult stage in Erickson's theory? - ANSWER reflect on their lives until satisfaction or regret (integrity vs. despair) can be fixated on a certain stage in their life that they felt wasn't completed
