BSNC 1000 FINAL MODULE 8 -Inflammation Questions & Answers(GRADED A+)

Inflammation - ANSWER - Defense against tissue injury, infection, or allergy, and the body's reaction to injury, irritation, or infection. - an automatic (universal response), nonspecific response cell injury intended to: 1. remove dead tissue 2. neutralizes the harmful agents 3. prepares the injured tissue for healing (repair) Scope of Inflammation - ANSWER No inflammation to Active inflammation - Acute/Chronic or Localized/Systemic Is inflammation random? - ANSWER No, it is not random. Chemical signals controls it. Acute inflammation - ANSWER - Immediate response to tissue injury -Neutrophils - triggered by noxious stimuli (e.g., infection, tissue injury) - rapid in onset (e.g., minutes) - short in duration (e.g., minutes to days) - characterized by the exudation of fluid and plasma proteins and emigration of leukocytes - self-limiting - normal response What does Acute Inflammation involve? - ANSWER •Vascular changes (Affect BV in the area) •Action of inflammatory mediators (chemical signals) •Infiltration of tissue by white blood cells (Macrophages, Neutrophils, and Mast Cells.) Localized chronic inflammation - ANSWER Formation of a granuloma - Accumulation of macrophages, fibroblasts, and collagen Systemic chronic inflammation - ANSWER Result from many diseases or may be the consequences of disease processes, including autoimmune disease. Systemic Response - ANSWER - Whole body Neutrophilia, fever, malaise, loss of appetite, and muscle catabolism. Chronic inflammation - ANSWER -Maybe a complication of the inflammatory process, or it may be a consequence of a disease. - May also change the structure of the tissue and cause functional changes. -Lymphocytes and Macrophages (accumulate in the damaged area and keep releasing inflammatory mediators) - longer in duration (e.g., days to years) - associated with proliferation of blood vessels (angiogenesis, tissue necrosis, and fibrosis) - asymptomatic - self-perpetuating - macrophages wall off the area to isolate the infection Acute phase response - ANSWER - Mediated by chemical substances released by leucocytes. -Macrophages release cytokine