BSNC 1000 - GAS EXCHANGE QUESTIONS & ANSWERS(RATED A+)

Gas Exchange - ANSWER Process by which O2 is transported to cells and CO2 is transported from cells Scope of Gas Exchange - ANSWER Optimal - Impaired - Cessation Hypoxia - ANSWER Low O2 delivery to tissues Hypoxemia - ANSWER Decreased O2 in blood Anoxia - ANSWER Lack of O2 Vital Capacity - ANSWER volume of air that can be exhaled after a maximum inhalation (Assesses strength of thoracic muscles and pulmonary function) Chest Compliance - ANSWER Ability of chest to expand Ventilation - ANSWER - CO2 levels rise - Chemoreceptors transmit impulses to diaphragm - Intercostal muscles contract - Diaphragm contracts - Negative pressure pulls O2 in from atmosphere - Contraction of diaphragm and external intercostal muscles increases the volume of lungs - Decrease in pressure - Pressure gradient makes air flow into lungs Alveolar-Capillary Diffusion - ANSWER - Nose warms and humidifies the air - Air flows to alveoli through trachea and bronchi - Alveolar walls lines with Type I alveolar cells which provide wall structure - In between are Type II alveolar cells which produce surfactant - O2 diffuses into pulmonary capillaries - O2 dissolves into plasma and attaches to hemoglobin so that it can be transported to cells Surfactant - ANSWER - Lipoprotein that coats inner surface of alveoli to keep them open - Reduces surface tension PaO2 - ANSWER - O2 dissolves in plasma - Partial pressure of O2 in artery) SaO2 - ANSWER - O2 attached to hemoglobin - Saturation of arterial hemoglobin