PSYC 375 Midterm Exam Questions and Complete Solutions

How do rationalism and empiricism differ? Rationalism seeks to establish the validity or invalidity of a proposition through logic whereas empiricism relies on sensory observation. According to Kuhn, in which state of scientific development do a number of competing viewpoints exist? the preparadigmatic stage A psychologist who argues that human behavior is a product of our evolutionary heritage subscribes to which type of determinism? biological determinism Descartes and Freud believed that the mind influences the body and the body influences the mind, a theoretical position known as ________. interactionism Which school of psychology stands out for relying most heavily on animal research to generalize findings in animal studies to human beings? behaviorists Your friend Anna explains that she believes that everything in the universe is in a constant state of change, so nothing is the same from one moment to the next. Which famous philosopher would Anna most agree with? Heraclitus Which statement about Alcmaeon and temple medicine is correct? Alcmaeon was among the first to turn away from temple medicine Unlike earlier philosophers, Socrates focused primarily on ________. problems related to human existence Which famous philosopher is responsible for creating a dualism in which humans are divided into body and mind? Plato Which of Aristotle's laws states that when we think of something, we also tend to think of things that we experienced along with it? the law of contiguity Antisthenes believed that true happiness depended on ________. self-sufficiency In contrast to the Greeks, the Romans ________. valued philosophy for its practical applications