Chemistry Vocabulary Already Verified

Chemistry Vocabulary Already Verified Fundamental Concepts Matter refers to anything that has mass and occupies space. A substance is a single kind of matter that has a specific set of properties. Physical properties are characteristics that can be observed without changing the substance, while chemical properties describe its ability to change into different substances. Atomic Structure An element is a pure substance that cannot be broken down into any other substances by chemical or physical means. Atoms are the basic particles from which all elements are made. Chemical bonds are forces of attraction between two atoms, and molecules are groups of two or more atoms held together by these bonds. Compounds and Mixtures A compound is a pure substance made of two or more elements chemically combined in a set ratio. A chemical formula shows the elements in the compound and their ratio. A mixture, on the other hand, is made up of two or more substances that are together in the same place but are not chemically combined. Heterogeneous mixtures have pure substances unevenly distributed throughout, while homogeneous mixtures have substances evenly distributed. Physical and Chemical Changes A physical change is a change in a substance that does not change its identity, whereas a chemical change produces one or more new substances. The law of conservation of matter states that matter is not created or destroyed in any chemical or physical change. Energy Energy is the ability to do work or cause change. Temperature is a measure of the average energy of random motion of particles in matter. Thermal energy is the total energy of all particles in an object. Energy can be categorized into chemical energy, which is stored in chemical bonds between atoms, electromagnetic energy, which travels through space as waves, electrical energy, which involves electrically charged particles moving from one place to another, and electrochemical energy, which is used by living organisms. Solid ️Has a definite shape and a definite volume. Crystalline Solids ️Solids that are made up of crystals. Amorphous Solids ️A solid made up of particles that are not arranged in a regular pattern. Liquid ️Has a definite volume but no shape of its own. Fluid ️A material that can easily flow. Surface Tension ️The result of an inward pull among the molecules of a liquid that brings the molecules on the surface closer together. Viscosity ️A liquid's resistance to flowing. Gas ️A fluid that can change volume very easily. Melting ️The change in state from a solid to a liquid. Melting Point ️The characteristic temperature in which melting occurs.