NBDHE Infection Control Questions and Answers Fully Solved 100%

____________ contact: micoorganisms are spread from an infectious agent through a contaminated object. Ex: object like pt mirror, person, vehicles or vectors). - indirect ____________ contact: micoorganisms are spread from blood and blood-containing body fluids directly through the mucous membrane or non-intact skin. (direct touching of an infectious agent) ex: air/water syringe tip. - direct _____________ flora colonizes on superficial layers of the skin and can be removed by hand washing. -associated with infections - transient _____________ item: item at high risk for infection. -penetrates soft tissue, bone or contacts the bloodstream (curettes, needles, surgical burs) -requires heat sterilization. - critical ______________ disinfectant, EPA-registered hospital disinfectant without tuberculocidal claim. -generally used at home. -alcohol free quaternary ammonium compounds and simple phenols. - low-level ______________ disinfectant: EPA-registered hospital disinfectant with tuberculocidal claim. -inactivates bacteria, majority of fungi and majority of viruses but not spores. -environmental surfaces. -used in dental offices - Intermediate-level ______________ flora attaches to deeper layers on the skin and is more resistant to removal. -less likely to be associated with infections - resident______________ item: item at lower risk for infection. -contacts mucous membranes, non-intact skin but will not penetrate soft tissue. -radiographic film holders, mirrors, etc. -requires high-level disinfection or heat sterilization - semi-critical _______________ item: contacts intact skin but not mucous membrane (blood pressure cuff, x-ray tube head). -requires intermediate or low-level disinfectant. - non-critical ________________ disinfectant: FDA-regulated disinfectant, inactivates bacteria, mycobacteria, fungi, and viruses but not necessarily high numbers of bacterial spores. -kills M. tuberculosis -used in srugical areas - high-level (water or alcohol based), may leave a film or residue on surfaces. - phenols bacteria responsible for Streptococcal pharyngitis and Scarlet fever? - Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria responsible for Syphilis? - Treponema Pallidum barriers used to protect the operator to minimize exposure. Examples: -mask -exam gloves -protective eyewear and clothing - PPE CDC states that the most important measure for preventing the spread of pathogens is effective ______________________. - hand washingconditions: ventilation necessary (because of ______________(s)). -may damage rubber and plastic items -spore test=geobacillus stearothermophils - chemical