Medicinal Chemistry, Exam Elaboration 2024.

Medicinal Chemistry, Exam Elaboration 2024. Lipinski's Rules - Indicate: An orally active drug should have the following: No more than 5 hydrogen bond donors No more than 10 hydrogen bond acceptors A molecular weight under 500 Da An octanol-water partition coefficient less than 5 First Pass Effect - Indicate: When the majority of the active drug is metabolized the first time it goes through the liver(majority done here), gut wall, or portal vein. This necessitates that the drug must either increase in dosage or bypass the GI Tract. Enteral - Indicate: Through or within the intestines or gastrointestinal tract Parenteral - Indicate: Not in or through the digestive system Oral Administration Disadvantages - Indicate: Some drugs (proteins) are not stable in the acidic environment and digestive enzymes of the stomach May cause vomiting Drug may not be absorbed properly Ways to Administer a Drug - Indicate: Oral Sublingual Suppository Transdermal Sublingual Administration - Indicate: Administering the drug underneath the tongue Types of Suppository Administration - Indicate: Rectal Vaginal Parenteral Routes - Indicate: Intravascular Intramuscular Subcutaneous Inhalation Intravascular - Indicate: Directly into bloodstream Intramuscular - Indicate: Injected into skeletal muscle Subcutaneous - Indicate: Absorption of drug from the subcutaneous tissues