11TH GRADE U.S. HISTORY STAAR REVIEW QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH SOLUTIONS 2024

11TH GRADE U.S. HISTORY STAAR REVIEW QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH SOLUTION S 2024 Thomas Edison - ANSWER American inventor best known for inventing the electric light bulb, acoustic recording on wax cylinders, and motion pictures. Alexander Graham Bell - ANSWER Invented the telephone Captain of Industry - ANSWER a business leader whose means of amassing a personal fortune contributes positively to the country in some way. Robber Baron - ANSWER Refers to the industrialists or big business owners who gained huge profits by paying their employees extremely low wages. They also drove their competitors out of business by selling their products cheaper than it cost to produce it. Then when they controlled the market, they hiked prices high above original price. Andrew Carnegie - ANSWER A Scottish -born American industrialist and philanthropist who founded the Carnegie Steel Company in 1892. By 1901, his company dominated the American steel industry. John D. Rockefeller - ANSWER Wealthy owner of Standard Oil Company. Considered to be a robber baron who used ruthless tactics to eliminate other businesses. Built trusts and used money to influence government. Samuel Gompers - ANSWER led the AFL (American Federation of Labor), a skilled craft union, fought for wages and working conditions, they went on strike, boycotted and used collective bargaining Knights of Labor - ANSWER Led by Terence V. Powderly; open -membership policy extending to unskilled, semiskilled, women, African -Americans, immigrants; goal was to create a cooperative society between in which labors owned the industries in which they work ed American Federation of Labor - ANSWER 1886; founded by Samuel Gompers; sought better wages, hrs, working conditions; skilled laborers, arose out of dissatisfaction with the Knights of Labor, rejected socialist and communist ideas, non -violent. Bessemer Process - ANSWER an industrial process for making steel using a Bessemer converter to blast air through through molten iron and thus burning the excess carbon and impurities Telephone - ANSWER Communication device invented by Alexander Graham Bell in 1986. Monopoly - ANSWER Complete control of a product or business by one person or group Laissez -Faire - ANSWER Hands off. No government intervention in business. Child Labor - ANSWER using children to work in factories and businesses New Immigrants - ANSWER immigrants from Southern and Eastern Europe, they did not speak English - primarily Catholic. Came for opportunity - jobs, land. Nativists - ANSWER Americans who feared that immigrants would take jobs and impose their Roman Catholic beliefs on society Ethnic Ghettos - ANSWER immigrants lived here due to cultural similarities, especially in big cities Chinese Exclusion Act - ANSWER (1882) Denied any additional Chinese laborers to enter the country while allowing students and merchants to immigrate. Political Machines - ANSWER Corrupt organized groups that controlled political parties in the cities. A boss leads the machine and attempts to grab more votes for his party. Tenements - ANSWER Poorly built, overcrowded housing where many immigrants lived Political Bosses - ANSWER Corrupt local politicians who took bribes and offered services in exchange for votes. Boss Tweed - ANSWER A political boss who carried corruption to new extremes, and cheated the city out of more than $100 million Push pull Factors - ANSWER The push factor involves a force which acts to drive people away from a place and the pull factor is what draws them to a new location. (Push factors=famine, low employment, etc.) (Pull factor=american dream). Americanization - ANSWER This process was designed to make immigrants more "Americanized". It included learning to dress, speak, and act like other Americans. This was done through the schools. Assimilation - ANSWER Adopting the traits of another culture. Often happens over time when one immigrates into a new country. Indian Wars - ANSWER 1850 to 1890; series of conflicts between the US Army / settlers and different Native American tribes Dawes Act - ANSWER 1887 law which gave all Native American males 160 acres to farm and also set up schools to make Native American children more like other Americans Homestead Act - ANSWER This act, passed in 1862, gave 160 acres of public land to any settler who would farm the land for five years. Populist Party - ANSWER U.S. political party formed in 1892 representing mainly farmers, favoring free coinage of silver and government control of railroads and other monopolies Progressive Movement - ANSWER reform effort, generally centered in urban areas and begun in the early 1900s, whose aims included returning control of the government to the people, restoring economic opportunities, and correcting injustices in American life . William Jennings Bryan - ANSWER United States lawyer and politician who advocated free silver and prosecuted John Scopes (1925) for teaching evolution in a Tennessee high school (1860 -1925)