BIOL 1902 Test 1 Questions and Answers 2024

When the animal's patterns generally match their environment (ex: American bittern - cattail marshes, fawns, grouse - forest floor) - Background matching A type of mimicry in which a harmless species (mimic) looks like a species that is poisonous or otherwise harmful to predators (model). # models > # mimics - Batesian mimicry strongly contrasting markings such as spots or stripes break up an animal's outline - Disruptive patterns When disruptive patterns are aligned by body posture (ex: American bittern or butterflies mimicking milk snake) - Coincident disruptive patterns When the animal is lighter on one side of its body than the other (ex: whirligigs) - Bicolouration protective coloration of some animals in which parts normally in shadow are light and those exposed to the sky are dark. - Countershading Matching the environment with shape and colour (ex: angle winged butterfly) - Masquerade bold and often colourful patterns that are exposed suddenly to startle a predator; sometimes serve a deflection or distraction role (ex: underwing moth) - Startle patterns Patterns that mimic eyes used on some startle patterns. Make an animal appear 'larger than life' (ex: sphinx moth) - Eyespots Structures exposed suddenly to startle a predator