UNCG Psych 462 Exam 2 (Questions + Answers) Verified 100% Correct!!.

2009- Shephard-Byrd study (hate crime bill) - hate crime bill was passed after two males were brutally attacked and killed after hate crimes due to sexual orientation and race Attitude-Behavior Correspondence - If measures of prejudice and discrimination are (un) controllable, there is a high correspondence between them - high explicit prejudice= controllable verbal behaviors - Implicit prejudice= nonverbal behaviors STUDY: White college students were tested for implicit and explicit prejudice. They then had a conversation with a black confederate in which their behaviors were coded. High explicit prejudice correlated with controllable verbal behaviors but not nonverbal behaviors. Implicit prejudice correlated with nonverbal behaviors. Attribution value model - - Prejudice results when groups are perceived to be responsible for their negative characteristics - Most seen in prejudice toward overweight people - If people believe that it is a choice that people are overweight, prejudice is more prevalent Authoritarianism - Composed of: Rigid adherence to conventional values Uncritical acceptance of authority Tendency to punish people condemned by authority figures Blatant discrimination - unequal and harmful treatment that is typically intentional, visible, and easily documentedBodenhausen (think about something happy vs read about assault case) - Think about something that makes you very happy (half) Other half wrote about the prior day in detail Manipulated: mood Read about assault case Manipulated: individuals names; spanish vs white name Anger, anxiety, and disgust are also associated with stereotyping. Brown v. board of education - - Supreme court ended racial segregation in public schools - Desegregation has inconsistent effects on intergroup attitudes Castelli 2008 (kids watching white adult interact w black adult) - Preschoolers watching white adult interacting with black adult Manipulated nonverbal friendliness of white actor Found that children exposed to white adults communicating in friendly ways rated black targets as nicer and more willing to share with them Categorization - Attain category constancy Understand that a person's social category membership does not change across time Over time, children also come to see that a person can fit into more than one category. Caveats: study (genetic influences, genes/environment) - Genetic influences are indirect Genes and the environment interact Chronic social identities- - identities that are always with us, regardless of how much the situation changes Cognitive development theories - Hold that prejudice changes as children develop cognitive skillsConformity to Perceived Norms- - People make discriminatory decisions because they believe those decisions are consistent with company norms Shoney's "Lightening Up" policy to make staff completely white because that's what the customers want. Conservatism and prejudice - 1) conservative beliefs correlate with SDO and RWA, which are related to prejudice 2) conservatives are more likely to see people as responsible for negative outcomes Contemporary Prejudice- - Discrimination manifests in subtle ways when it can be attributed to other causes Covert discrimination - unequal and harmful treatment that is hidden and often maliciously motivated Dejong 1980 (overweight bc of disorder vs not) - Get photograph of overweight woman Vary description of woman One description the woman explains that she is overweight due to thyroid disorder Other description, woman references her weight but don't attribute it to biological factor Ask participants of opinion on woman FINDINGS: women who were overweight due to biological factors were favored over the women who were overweight without biological factors