DAT BIOLOGY Exam Questions With Verified Answers.

DAT BIOLOGY Exam Questions With Verified Answers. Cell Theory: - answer1. all living things are composed of cells 2. cell is the basic fundamental unit of life 3. chemical reactions of life take place inside the cell 4. cells arise from pre-existing cells 5. cells carry genetic information in the form of DNA - passed from parent to daughter cell nucleolus - answer- dense structure in the nucleus where ribosomal RNA synthesis occurs Endoplasmic Reticulum - answer- network of membrane- enclosed spaces invloved in the transport of materials throughout the cell, particularly those materials destined to be secreted by the cell Golgi Apparatus - answer- receives vesicles and their contents from the smooth ER, modifies them, repackages them into vesicles and distributes them to the cell surface by exocytosis Mitochondria - answer- power house of the cell - ATP synthesis Cyclosis - answer- streaming movement of the cytoplasm within the cell Vacuole - answer- membrane bound sacs, transport and storage of materials that are ingested, secreted, processes or digested by the cell centrioles - answer- microtubule involved in spindle organization during cell division, not bound by a membrane - PLANT CELLS DO NOT CONTAIN CENTRIOLES Lysosome - answer- membrane bound vesicles - contain hydrolytic enzymes - cellular digestion Cytoskeleton - answer- composed of microtubules and microfilaments - gives cell mechanical support - maintains shape - functions in cell motility Microtubules - answer- hollow rods of tubulin - support, provide framework for organelle movement - cilia and flagella- specialized arrangements of microtubules Microfilaments - answer- solid rods of actin - cell movement and support - move material across plasma membrane ( contraction phase of cell division, amoeboid movement) Brownian Movement - answer- kinetic energy spreads small suspended particles throughout the cytoplasm of cell Intracellular circulation: - answer- Brownian movement - cyclosis/ streaming - ER Extracellular Transport - answer- Diffusion - Circulatory system Interphase - answer- growth, chromosome replication - cell spends 90% of time here - after replication, chromosomes consist of two identical sister chromatids held together at centromere - individual chromosomes are not visible - DNA is uncoiled (chromatin) - G1, S, G2 G1 - answer- active growth phase - cell size increases - protein synthesis S phase - answer- DNA synthesis G2 - answer- cell prepares to divide